The relationship between physical activity trajectories and frailty: a 20-year prospective cohort among community-dwelling older people

Table 1 Baseline information of study participants

	Male (n = 2760)		Female (n = 2131)		Overall
Physical activity frequency (per week, %)
0	1249	45.3	1257	53	2506	48.9
2	144	5.2	131	5.5	275	5.4
4	204	7.4	191	8.1	395	7.7
7	1162	42.1	791	33.4	1953	38.1
Age (mean [SD])	66.34	9.16	66.06	9.71	66.22	9.40
Education (years, %)
0	415	15	1258	53.1	1673	32.6
1–6	1253	45.4	756	31.9	2009	39.2
7–9	341	12.4	134	5.7	475	9.3
10–12	294	10.7	70	3	364	7.1
13–17	248	9	34	1.4	282	5.5
SES (mean [SD])	4.81	1.91	4.62	1.93	4.71	1.92
Diabetes mellitus (%)	189	22.4	239	26.1	428	24.3
Chronic kidney disease (%)	68	8.1	67	7.3	135	7.7
OHIPq3 (mean [SD])	0.46	0.5	0.53	0.5	0.49	0.5
OHIPq7 (mean (SD))	0.25	0.43	0.26	0.44	0.26	0.44
Hypertension (%)	426	97.3	544	97.3	970	97.3
CVD (%)	188	92.2	253	94.8	441	93.6
Stroke (%)	92	10.9	104	11.4	196	11.1
Mental health (%)	35	4.2	64	7	99	5.6
Bone fracture (%)	26	3.1	64	7	90	5.1
Sleep quality (mean [SD])	2.03	0.81	2.34	0.85	2.19	0.85
Smoke (%)	137	27	10	45.5	147	27.8
Drink (%)	245	29.1	48	5.2	293	16.7
SPMSQ (mean [SD])	9.97	1.67	8.94	2.45	9.44	2.17
Loneliness (mean [SD])	6.6	2.03	6.36	1.85	6.48	1.94
Life satisfaction (mean [SD])	3.22	1.27	3.04	1.39	3.13	1.33
Balance dysfunction (mean [SD])	0.71	0.45	0.57	0.49	0.64	0.48
IADL (mean [SD])	1.85	2.8	2.66	3.02	2.27	2.94
ADL (mean [SD])	3.02	3.18	4.41	3.19	3.74	3.26
CESD (mean [SD])	7.8	4.1	9.32	4.72	8.58	4.49
Social activities (mean [SD])	12.33	1.97	12.51	1.76	12.42	1.87
Health risk behavior (mean [SD])	0.55	0.72	0.08	0.31	0.31	0.6
Perceived health (mean [SD])	0.65	0.48	0.55	0.5	0.6	0.49

The percentage was based on the corresponding responses divided by the total number of responders. SES = self-reported social economic status. OHIPq3 = Oral Health Impact Profile question 3: Are you uncomfortable to eat due to an oral problem in recent 12 months? OHIPq7 = Oral Health Impact Profile question 7: Do you experience a worse taste due to an oral problem in recent 12 months? CVD = cardiovascular disease. SPMSQ = Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire. IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. ADL = Activities of Daily Living. CESD = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale

ISSN: 1471-2318