Table 1 Characteristics of Participants in different night sleep duration groups in CHARLS at Baseline
Characteristic |   Participants, No.(%) | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (9404) | Shorta (3447) | Moderateb (5192) | Longc (765) | Â | |
Age, mean (SD), y | 58.6 (8.8) | 59.57 (8.91) | 57.96 (8.62) | 58.69 (9.19) | < 0.001 |
Gender, male | 4338 (46.1) | 1501 (43.5) | 2493 (48.0) | 344 (45.0) | < 0.001 |
Sleep duration per night, mean (SD), h | 6.37 (1.86) | 4.82 (1.46) | 6.91 (1.15) | 9.59 (0.76) | < 0.001 |
Napping duration per day, mean (SD), h | 0.54 (0.71) | 0.48 (0.67) | 0.57 (0.72) | 0.65 (0.80) | < 0.001 |
BMI, mean (SD) d | 24.73 (77.47) | 23.41 (4.00) | 23.74 (3.94) | 23.47 (4.11) | < 0.001 |
High level of education | 951 (10.1) | 308 (8.9) | 591 (11.4) | 52 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
Physical activity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Vigorous physical activities | 2560 (27.2) | 945 (27.4) | 1429 (27.5) | 186 (24.3) | 0.168 |
  Moderate physical activities | 2813 (29.9) | 1022 (29.6) | 1573 (30.3) | 218 (28.5) | 0.546 |
  Walking | 4208 (44.7) | 1539 (44.6) | 2340 (45.1) | 329 (43.0) | 0.557 |
Depression symptoms | 4617 (49.1) | 1767 (51.3) | 2455 (47.3) | 395 (51.6) | < 0.001 |
Taking sleeping pills | 128 (1.4) | 56 (1.6) | 62 (1.2) | 10 (1.3) | 0.237 |
Current smoking | 5322 (56.6) | 1897 (55.0) | 2978 (57.4) | 445 (58.2) | 0.067 |
Current drinking | 2359 (25.1) | 823 (23.9) | 1350 (26.0) | 184 (24.1) | 0.066 |
Medical history | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension | 2150 (22.9) | 827 (24.0) | 1154 (22.2) | 168 (22.0) | 0.133 |
 Dyslipidemia | 851 (9.0) | 331 (9.6) | 463 (8.9) | 57 (7.5) | 0.152 |
 Diabetes | 507 (5.4) | 192 (5.6) | 279 (5.4) | 36 (4.7) | 0.630 |
 Cancer | 84 (0.9) | 37 (1.1) | 40 (0.8) | 7 (0.9) | 0.341 |
Chronic lung diseases | 911 (9.7) | 401 (11.6) | 458 (8.8) | 51 (6.7) | < 0.001 |
Liver disease | 372 (4.0) | 175 (5.1) | 179 (3.4) | 18 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
Heart problems | 1043 (11.1) | 421 (12.2) | 559 (10.8) | 62 (8.1) | 0.003 |
 Stroke | 186 (2.0) | 84 (2.4) | 90 (1.7) | 11 (1.4) | 0.038 |
Kidney disease | 582 (6.2) | 244 (7.1) | 292 (5.6) | 46 (6.0) | 0.022 |
Stomach or other digestive disease | 2242 (23.8) | 923 (26.8) | 1168 (22.5) | 151 (19.7) | < 0.001 |
  Emotional, nervous, or psychiatric problems | 121 (1.3) | 50 (1.5) | 62 (1.2) | 9 (1.2) | 0.562 |
Memory-related disease | 101 (1.1) | 41 (1.2) | 51 (1.0) | 9 (1.2) | 0.632 |
Arthritis or rheumatism | 3332 (35.4) | 1451 (42.1) | 1662 (32.0) | 217 (28.4) | < 0.001 |
  Asthma | 323 (3.4) | 147 (4.3) | 151 (2.9) | 25 (3.3) | 0.003 |
Total Score, mean (SD) | 13.84 (6.31) | 13.25 (6.28) | 14.39 (6.25) | 12.79 (6.50) | < 0.001 |