Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants (N = 210)
Variables | HIV duration | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 210) |  < 1 years (n = 28) | 1–5 years (n = 85) | 6–10 years (n = 51) |  > 10 years (n = 46) | p-value | |
Age, Mean ± SD | 50.8 ± 8.0 | 52.5 ± 8.8 | 49.7 ± 7.7 | 51.0 ± 6.9 | 51.6 ± 9.1 | 0.330 |
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.581 |
 female | 61 (29.0) | 7 (25.0) | 24 (28.2) | 13 (25.5) | 17 (37.0) |  |
 male | 149 (71.0) | 21 (75.0) | 61 (71.8) | 38 (74.5) | 29 (63.0) |  |
Race, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.078 |
 Minority | 22 (10.5) | 0 (0) | 10 (11.8) | 4 (7.8) | 8 (17.4) |  |
 Han | 188 (89.5) | 28 (100) | 75 (88.2) | 47 (92.2) | 38 (82.6) |  |
Education, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.005 |
 Middle school or below | 110 (52.4) | 20 (71.4) | 46 (54.1) | 18 (35.3) | 26 (56.5) |  |
 High school or equivalent | 51 (24.3) | 2 (7.1) | 21 (24.7) | 22 (43.1) | 6 (13.0) |  |
 Junior college or Undergraduate and above | 49(23.4) | 6 (21.4) | 18 (21.2) | 11 (21.6) | 14 (30.4) |  |
Marital status, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.277 |
 Single | 33 (15.7) | 2 (7.1) | 13 (15.3) | 10 (19.6) | 8 (17.4) |  |
 Married or cohabiting | 110 (52.4) | 18 (64.3) | 48 (56.5) | 25 (49.0) | 19 (41.3) |  |
 Others | 67 (31.9) | 8 (28.6) | 24 (28.3) | 16 (31.4) | 19 (41.3) |  |
Employment, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.217 |
 Employed | 51 (24.3) | 9 (32.1) | 19 (22.4) | 14 (27.5) | 9 (19.6) |  |
 Unemployed | 33 (15.7) | 6 (21.4) | 8 (9.4) | 11 (21.6) | 8 (17.4) |  |
 Freelancer | 86 (41.0) | 11 (39.3) | 42 (49.4) | 16 (31.4) | 17 (37) |  |
 Retired | 40 (19.0) | 2 (7.1) | 16 (18.8) | 10 (19.6) | 12 (26.1) |  |
Family income, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.746 |
  < 3000 RMB | 92 (43.8) | 16 (57.1) | 35 (41.2) | 19 (37.3) | 22 (47.8) |  |
 3000–6000 RMB | 83 (39.5) | 9 (32.1) | 36 (42.3) | 22 (43.1) | 16 (34.8) |  |
  > 6000 RMB | 35 (16.7) | 3 (10.8) | 14 (16.5) | 10 (19.6) | 8 (17.4) |  |
Region, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.156 |
 Urban | 112 (53.3) | 11 (39.3) | 46 (54.1) | 25 (49.0) | 30 (65.2) |  |
 Rural | 98 (46.7) | 17 (60.7) | 39 (45.9) | 26 (51.0) | 16 (34.8) |  |
Stage of disease, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.002 |
 Acute stage | 5 ( 2.4) | 3 (10.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.2) |  |
 Asymptomatic stage | 143 (68.1) | 15 (53.6) | 62 (72.9) | 42 (82.4) | 24 (52.2) |  |
 AIDS stage | 62 (29.5) | 10 (35.7) | 23 (27.1) | 8 (15.7) | 21 (45.7) |  |
CD4+T cell count, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.004 |
  < 200 | 40 (19.0) | 10 (35.7) | 19 (22.4) | 7 (13.7) | 4 (8.7) |  |
 200–499 | 83 (39.5) | 15 (53.6) | 33 (38.8) | 19 (37.3) | 16 (34.8) |  |
  ≥ 500 | 87 (41.4) | 3 (10.7) | 33 (38.8) | 25 (49.0) | 26 (56.5) |  |
Comorbidities, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.143 |
 No | 171 (81.4) | 23 (82.1) | 73 (85.9) | 36 (70.6) | 39 (84.8) |  |
 Yes | 39 (18.6) | 5 (17.9) | 12 (14.1) | 15 (29.4) | 7 (15.2) |  |
 PHSD, Median (IQR) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.4) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.3) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.2) | 0.3 (0.0, 0.8) | 0.2 (0.0, 0.4) |  < 0.001 |
 COSD, Median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.4) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.2) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.7) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.6) | 0.022 |
 PSYSD, Median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.2) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.2) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.5) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.010 |
 Total.Score, Median (IQR) | 0.1 (0.0, 0.9) | 0.2 (0.0, 0.6) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.0, 2.0) | 0.3 (0.0, 1.2) |  < 0.001 |