Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort at Frail-VIG0 time point (i.e., one month before admission)
Variable | All n = 483 | Frailty status a | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No frailty n = 115 | Mild frailty n = 187 | Intermediate frailty n = 122 | Advanced frailty n = 59 | |||
Age, mean (SD) | 81.28(10.21) | 79.97(9.22) | 80.74(10.90) | 82.46(10.58) | 83.06(8.63) | 0.120 |
Sex, women (%) | 260(53.80) | 64(55.65) | 101(54.01) | 64(52.46) | 31(52.54) | 0.962 |
Usual habitat(%) | ||||||
with family | 317(65.63) | 74(64.34) | 120(64.17) | 86(70.49) | 37(62.71) | 0.623 |
with caregiver | 23(4.76) | 1(0.86) | 7(3.74) | 8(6.56) | 7(3.74) | 0.008 |
Alone | 116(24.02) | 40(34.78) | 56(29.95) | 16(13.11) | 4(6.77) | < 0.001 |
Nursing Home | 27(5.59) | 0(0.00) | 4(2.14) | 12(9.83) | 11(18.64) | < 0.001 |
Unit of income (%) | ||||||
Palliative care unit | 190(39.34) | 40(34.78) | 83(44.39) | 42(34.43) | 25(42.37) | 0.216 |
Rehabilitation unit | 113(23.40) | 40(34.78) | 40(21.39) | 25(20.49) | 8(13.56) | 0.006 |
Psicogeriatric unit | 79(16.36) | 6(5.21) | 23(12.30) | 35(28.69) | 15(25.42) | < 0.001 |
Hospital-at-home unit | 49(10.14) | 23(20.00) | 20(10.70) | 5(4.10) | 1(1.69) | < 0.001 |
HSJ | 52(10.76) | 6(5.22) | 21(11.23) | 15(12.30) | 10(16.95) | 0.095 |
Stay average. Median (IQR) | 20(25) | 21(26) | 21(28) | 21(25) | 14(20) | 0.113 |
Individual variablesb | ||||||
IADLs (0–3), mean (SD) | 1.35 (1.28) | 0.17 (0.46) | 1.00 (1.10) | 2.36 (0.88) | 2.76 (0.54) | < 0.001 |
Barthel index (0–100), mean (SD) | 76.84(25.64) | 91.31(17.93) | 86.03(15.86) | 64.19(25.54) | 42.26(25.23) | < 0.001 |
Malnutrition (%) | 135(27.85) | 17(14.78) | 47(25.13) | 39(31.98) | 33(55.93) | < 0.001 |
Cognitive impairment (%) | 158(32.71) | 2(1.74) | 41(221.93) | 65(53.28) | 50(84.75) | < 0.001 |
Depressive syndrome (%) | 139(28.78) | 11(9.57) | 44(23.53) | 53(43.44) | 31(52.54) | < 0.001 |
Insomnia/anxiety (%) | 225(46.58) | 24(20.87) | 85(45.45) | 76(62.30) | 40(67.80) | < 0.001 |
Social vulnerability (%) | 74(15.32) | 4(3.48) | 29(15.51) | 23(18.85) | 18(30.51) | < 0.001 |
Delirium (%) | 67(13.87) | 0(0.00) | 10(5.35) | 29(23.77) | 28(47.46) | < 0.001 |
Falls (%) | 99(20.49) | 6(6.06) | 39(39.39) | 37(37.37) | 17(17.18) | 0.004 |
Ulcers (%) | 51(10.55) | 6(5.22) | 16(8.56) | 16(13.11) | 13(22.03) | 0.004 |
Polypharmacy (%) | 389(80.54) | 68(59.13) | 160(85.56) | 104(85.25) | 57(96.61) | < 0.001 |
Dysphagia (%) | 76(15.73) | 2(1.74) | 16(8.56) | 20(16.39) | 38(64.41) | < 0.001 |
Pain (%) | 117(24.22) | 8(6.96) | 58(31.02) | 32(26.23) | 19(32.20) | < 0.001 |
Dyspnea (%) | 46(9.52) | 1(0.87) | 15(8.02) | 19(15.57) | 11(18.64) | < 0.001 |
Cancer (%) | 121(25.05) | 24(20.87) | 60(32.08) | 23(18.85) | 14(23.73) | 0.036 |
Chronic respiratory disease(%) | 110(22.77) | 22(19.13) | 41(21.93) | 36(29.51) | 11(18.64) | 0.198 |
Chronic Cardiac disease (%) | 217(44.92) | 34(29.57) | 75(40.11) | 70(57.38) | 38(64.41) | < 0.001 |
Chronic Neurological disease (%) | 65(13.46) | 7(6.09) | 20(10.70) | 21(17.21) | 17(28.81) | < 0.001 |
Chronic Digestive disease (%) | 36(7.45) | 2(1.74) | 18(9.63) | 8(6.56) | 8(13.56) | 0.018 |
Chronic Renal disease (%) | 189(39.13) | 25(21.74) | 70(37.43) | 56(45.90) | 38(64.41) | < 0.001 |