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Table 3 Brain MRI Investigation Results

From: A clinicopathological study of selected cognitive impairment cases in Lothian, Scotland: enhanced CJD surveillance in the 65 + population group

Case

Date of onseta

MRI date

Period ~ (days)

Summary of abnormality

ID 1

01/12/2012

07/08/2013

249

Generalised cerebral atrophy, exaggerated in occipital lobes

ID 2

15/07/2013

15/09/2015

792

Moderate global cerebral atrophy, accelerated for age. Minor small vessel change with no focus on ischaemic change

ID 3

15/07/2009

31/10/2013

1569

Moderate diffuse prominence of the ventriculosulcal system, slightly more prominent in the frontal and parietal lobes bilaterally and slightly advanced for age. Patchy hyper intense FLAIR signal present throughout the cerebral deep white matter. Global cerebral atrophy. More focal atrophy left temporal lobe and peri-insular cortex

ID 4

15/07/2011

28/04/2014

1018

Marked diffuse prominence of the ventriculosulcal system, advanced for stated age. More prominent in temporal and parietal lobes bilaterally

ID 5

15/07/2004

19/06/2014

3626

Generalised cerebral atrophy, probably slightly advanced for age

ID 6

15/07/2011

21/09/2016

1895

Mild bilateral temporal lobe atrophy, worse on the left. No features of prion disease

ID 7

20/10/2015

12/08/2016

297

Moderate microvascular ischaemia probably more recent punctate cortical infarction in the high right parietal lobe

ID 8

15/07/2010

06/10/2016

2275

Subtle biparietal volume loss in keeping with Alzheimer's type dementia. No features of prion disease

ID 9

15/10/2013

13/03/2014

149

Cerebral atrophy, advanced for age

ID 10

15/07/2003

06/04/2009

2092

Mild degree of generalised atrophy for age but otherwise examination unremarkable

ID 11

01/12/2015

17/06/2017

564

No imaging features of prion disease. Global atrophy, with more focal atrophy in perisylvian cortex bilaterally and left medial temporal lobe structures. Enlarged lateral and third ventricles are most likely secondary to atrophy

ID 12

15/07/2014

16/12/2016

885

Marked medial temporal lobe atrophy supporting diagnosis of AD. Non-specific white matter changes most likely secondary to small vessel disease

ID 13

15/07/2013

10/05/2017

1395

No MR features of CJD. Advanced global atrophy with more marked medial temporal atrophy

ID 14

17/08/2011

11/11/2014

1182

Generalised cerebral atrophy advanced for age. Supatentonial small vessel change static since 2013. No specific imaging features to indicate PSP

ID 15

15/07/2012

07/06/2015

1057

Moderate global cerebral atrophy for age. No other specific causes for cognitive impairment identified

ID 16

06/09/2012

25/09/2012

19

Generalised involutional change slightly excessive for age but no focal atrophy. No features of CJD. Posterior/medial temporal pattern of atrophy in keeping with a posterior dementia such as Alzheimer’s

ID 17

15/07/2015

14/06/2017

700

Advanced chronic small vessel vascular changes. Extensive atrophy, most evident in the medial temporal lobes

ID 18

30/01/2017

26/04/2017

86

Moderate volume loss and microvascular ischaemia

ID 19

15/07/2014

12/10/2015

454

Cerebral white matter and basal ganglia small vessel ischaemic changes, slightly prominent even allowing for age. Moderate generalised cerebral involution, slight more prominent in temporal lobes. Mixed vascular and neurodegenerative aetiology likely

ID 20

28/06/2012

16/10/2013

475

Asymmetrical atrophy, slight progression since 2009

ID 21

21/03/2017

20/04/2017

30

Bilateral parietal volume loss

  1. a The date of first self-reported clinical symptom(s); verified (as much as possible) with the general practitioner’s notes. ~ Time period between date of onset and MRI date