Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Patient characteristics

 Female sex, n (%)

61 (28.5)

95 (44.8)

79 (37.6)

89 (42.4)

0.003

 Age, mean (SD), years

66.3 (11.8)

66.1 (13.1)

64.8 (12.8)

65.5 (12.6)

0.624

 NIHSS, median (IQR)

3 (1–5)

2 (1–5)

3 (1–6.5)

4 (1–9.5)

 < 0.001

 Barthel Index, median (IQR)

75 (45–95)

75 (45–95)

60 (30–92.5)

45 (20–75)

 < 0.001

 Risk of malnutrition, n (%)

91 (42.7)

87 (41.0)

85 (40.5)

99 (47.5)

0.503

 Nutrition support, n (%)

11 (5.1)

11 (5.2)

26 (12.4)

49 (23.3)

 < 0.001

 Alcohol abuse, n (%)

34 (15.9)

25 (11.8)

30 (14.3)

24 (11.4)

0.482

 Length of hospital stay, median (IQR), days

10 (8–13)

9 (7–13)

10 (7–14)

12 (8–17)

 < 0.001

 Type of stroke, n (%)

 < 0.001

  Ischemic

162 (75.7)

155 (73.1)

134 (63.8)

113 (53.8)

  Hemorrhagic

52 (24.3)

57 (26.9)

76 (36.2)

97 (46.2)

Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%)

 Atrial fibrillation

18 (8.4)

12 (5.7)

11 (5.2)

21 (10.0)

0.187

 Hypertension

151 (70.6)

143 (67.5)

159 (75.7)

160 (76.2)

0.131

 Diabetes mellitus

65 (30.4)

42 (19.8)

65 (31.0)

97 (46.2)

 < 0.001

 Coronary heart disease

14 (6.5)

6 (2.8)

8 (3.8)

9 (4.3)

0.286

 Hyperlipemia

89 (41.6)

111 (52.4)

105 (50.0)

109 (51.9)

0.092

 Previous stroke

58 (27.1)

39 (18.4)

38 (18.1)

33 (15.7)

0.018

 History of smoking

75 (35.0)

57 (26.9)

61 (29.0)

55 (26.2)

0.172

 History of drinking

72 (33.6)

55 (25.9)

61 (29.0)

56 (26.7)

0.289

Laboratory indicators

 FBG, mean (SD), mmol/L

4.88 (1.1)

5.34 (1.0)

6.28 (1.3)

9.37 (4.0)

 < 0.001

 HbA1C, mean (SD), %

6.75 (1.7)

6.18 (1.1)

6.41 (1.3)

6.99 (2.0)

 < 0.001

 FBG/HbA1C, mean (SD)

0.73 (0.09)

0.86 (0.02)

0.98 (0.04)

1.34 (0.49)

 < 0.001

 WBC, mean (SD), 109/L

6.95 (1.91)

6.70 (1.99)

7.40 (2.32)

8.18 (3.12)

 < 0.001