Table 2 Differences in demographic, and clinical findings on admission in patients ≥ 80 years hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first and successive waves
Total N (%) ( n = 5953) | First wave N (%) ( n = 4545) | Successive waves N (%) ( n = 1408) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, median (IQR), | 85.6 (82.3–89.2) | 85.5 (82.2–89.0) | 86.1 (82.6–89.7) | < 0.001 |
Age, years, median (IQR), | 0.003 | |||
80–84 years | 2271 (38.1) | 1772 (39.0) | 499 (35.4) | |
85–89 years | 2106 (35.4) | 1622 (35.7) | 484 (34.4) | |
90–94 years | 1185 (19.9) | 864 (19.0) | 321 (22.8) | |
≥ 95 years | 391 (6.6) | 287 (6.3) | 104 (7.4) | |
Sex, Male | 3024 (50.8) | 2331 (51.3) | 693 (49.2) | 0.175 |
Acquisition | ||||
Community | 4172 (70.2) | 3170 (69.9) | 1002 (70.2) | 0.341 |
Nosocomial | 426 (7.2) | 330 (7.3) | 96 (7.3) | 0.492 |
Nursing Home | 1036 (22.8) | 1036 (22.8) | 309 (22.0) | 0.566 |
Degree of dependence | < 0.001 | |||
Independent or mild | 3178 (56.2) | 2516 (56.4) | 662 (47.2) | |
Moderate | 1486 (54.3) | 1076 (24.1) | 410 (29.2) | |
Severe | 1201 (20.5) | 871 (19.5) | 330 (23.5) | |
Comorbidities | ||||
Baseline CCI, median (IQR) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–7) | 0.007 |
Baseline CCI ≥ 6, n (%) | 2445 (42.1) | 1892 (42.9) | 553 (39.8) | 0.006 |
Hypertension | 4516 (76.0) | 3412 (75.2) | 1104 (78.4) | 0.014 |
Non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasesa | 1918 (32.3) | 1464 (32.3) | 454 (32.3) | 0.993 |
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasesb | 1750 (29.6) | 1320 (29.2) | 431 (30.7) | 0.306 |
Dementia | 1671 (28.1) | 1269 (28.0) | 402 (28.8) | 0.678 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1645 (27.7) | 1204 (26.6) | 441 (31.3) | < 0.001 |
Chronic pulmonary diseasec | 1144 (19.3) | 850 (18.8) | 294(20.9) | 0.079 |
Obesityf | 893 (16.8) | 675 (16.7) | 218 (17.3) | 0.584 |
Malignancyd | 806 (13.6) | 615 (13.6) | 191 (13.6) | 0.993 |
Moderate-to-severe kidney diseasee | 692 (11.7) | 521 (11.5) | 171 (12.1) | 0.476 |
Symptoms | ||||
Duration of symptoms in days, median (IQR) | 5 (2–7) | 5 (2–7) | 4 (2–7) | 0.029 |
Fever | 4158 (70.2) | 3338 (73.9) | 820 (58.3) | < 0.001 |
Dyspnea | 3621 (61.1) | 2757 (61.0) | 864 (61.4) | 0.791 |
Cough | 3537 (59.6) | 2791 (61.7) | 746 (53.1) | < 0.001 |
Asthenia | 2326 (39.6) | 1696 (38.0) | 630 (44.7) | < 0.001 |
Confusion | 1644 (27.8) | 1265 (28.1) | 379 (27.0) | 0.428 |
Anorexia | 1317 (22.5) | 963 (21.6) | 354 (25.1) | 0.006 |
Diarrhea | 975 (16.5) | 732 (16.3) | 243 (17.3) | 0.396 |
Arthralgia-myalgias | 983 (16.7) | 774 (17.3) | 209 (14.9) | 0.032 |
Vomiting | 379 (6.4) | 287 (6.4) | 92 (6.5) | 0.855 |
Abdominal pain | 320 (5.4) | 255 (5.7) | 65 (4.6) | 0.118 |
Odynophagia | 330 (5.6) | 272 (6.1) | 58 (4.1) | 0.005 |
Headache | 310 (5.3) | 238 (5.3) | 72 (5.1) | 0.747 |
Ageusia | 183 (3.1) | 145 (3.3) | 38 (2.7) | 0.275 |
Anosmia | 158 (2.7) | 127 (2.9) | 31 (2.2) | 0.173 |
Physical examination | ||||
Oxygen saturation ≤ 94% | 3236 (51.4) | 2334 (52.7) | 902 (48.3) | 0.001 |
Temperature ≥ 37.8 ºC | 1025 (16.7) | 830 (19.4) | 195 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
Hypotension | 467 (7.5) | 334 (7.6) | 138 (7.1) | 0.471 |
Tachycardia | 1203 (19.2) | 881 (20.0) | 322 (17.2) | 0.009 |
Tachypnea | 2314 (39.6) | 1810 (40.8) | 504 (36.0) | 0.001 |
Pulmonary rhonchi | 1087 (17.6) | 847 (19.1) | 240 (17.7) | 0.218 |
qSOFA index ≥ 2 | 1076 (16.7) | 798 (17.6) | 278 (14.6) | 0.004 |