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Table 3 Adjusted estimates of the association of prevalence of T2DM with cognitive performance at first cognitive assessment (5-year follow up of ESTHER cohort, 2005–2007, N = 732)

From: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cognitive decline in older adults in Germany – results from a population-based cohort

 

Regression analysis, adjusted estimatesa for COGTEL sub-components and total score

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Prospective Memoryb, OR (95% CI)

0.87 (0.72 to 1.06)

0.87 (0.72 to 1.06)

0.88 (0.72 to 1.08)

Working memoryc, β (95% CI)

0.34 (-0.13 to 0.81)

0.33 (-0.14 to 0.81)

0.46 (-0.02 to 0.95)

Inductive reasoningc, β (95% CI)

-0.27 (-0.61 to 0.06)

-0.27 (-0.61 to 0.06)

-0.17 (-0.52 to 0.18)

Verbal short-term memoryc, β (95% CI)

-0.36 (-0.71 to -0.01)

-0.36 (-0.71 to -0.01)

-0.29 (-0.65 to 0.07)

Verbal long-term memoryc, β (95% CI)

-0.34 (-0.67 to -0.02)

-0.35 (-0.67 to -0.02)

-0.27 (-0.61 to 0.06)

Verbal fluencyc, β (95% CI)

-0.86 (-1.97 to 0.25)

-0.86 (-1.97 to 0.25)

-0.29 (-1.43 to 0.85)

Global cognitive function (COGTEL score)c, β (95% CI)

-1.48 (-3.06 to 0.09)

-1.49 (-3.07 to 0.08)

-0.91 (-2.53 to 0.72)

Age equivalent of difference in global cognitive function (years)

6.1

6.1

3.8

  1. aModel 1 adjusted for age, sex, education and hearing impairment at first cognitive measurement
  2. Model 2 additionally adjusted for APOE genotype
  3. Model 3 additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, presence of stroke, hypertension, CHD, depression, and sleeping disorder
  4. bResults from logistic regression analysis, OR (95% CI) < 1 means T2DM is associated with lower odds of scoring high
  5. cResults from multiple linear regression analysis, β (95% CI) < 0 means T2DM is associated with lower cognitive scores