Table 2 Regression to identify associations between demographics and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and undiagnosed dementia

Sex (female)

1.51 (0.56 – 4.10)

0.413

-

Age (years)

0.96 (0.90 – 1.03)

0.294

-

Education (years)

1.51 (0.93 – 2.54)

0.097

1.67 (0.93 – 2.98)

0.088

Marital status (married/cohabiting)

0.80 (0.30 – 2.16)

0.647

0.65 (0.22 – 1.94)

0.433

Living Situation

Lives with others

Ref

-

Ref

-

Lives alone

1.15 (0.36 – 3.69)

0.831

0.99 (0.29 – 3.44)

0.978

In residential care

0.58 (0.15 – 2.16)

0.402

0.96 (0.23 – 4.00)

0.931

MMSE

 < 18 and missing

0.18 (0.06 – 0.60)

0.005

-

Deprivation

1 – Least deprived

Ref

-

Ref

-

2

1.37 (0.45 – 4.15)

0.579

1.58 (0.48 – 5.26)

0.452

3 – Most deprived

3.66 (0.90 – 14.86)

0.070

4.34 (0.98 – 19.24)

0.054

Number of health conditions

1.12 (0.82 – 1.54)

0.473

1.11 (0.77 – 1.62)

0.574

  Neuropsychiatric symptoms (present)

   Hallucinations

0.60 (0.22 – 1.66)

0.311

0.85 (0.29 – 2.56)

0.739

0.65 (0.21 – 2.07)

0.440

   Sleep problems

1.71 (0.56 – 5.26)

0.330

2.46 (0.70 – 8.58)

0.145

1.93 (0.51 – 7.33)

0.321

   Apathy

0.36 (0.04 – 2.95)

0.340

0.37 (0.04 – 3.32)

0.386

0.28 (0.03 – 2.57)

0.269

   Delusions

0.44 (0.16 – 1.19)

0.092

0.64 (0.22 – 1.88)

0.374

0.44 (0.14 – 1.41)

0.147

   Irritability

0.66 (0.24 – 1.84)

0.424

0.83 (0.28 – 2.46)

0.732

0.68 (0.22 – 2.08)

0.497

   Depression

3.07 (0.81 – 11.63)

0.097

3.05 (0.76 – 12.16)

0.111

   Anxiety

1.65 (0.31 – 8.83)

0.517

2.06 (0.36 – 11.72)

0.399

0.80 (0.08 – 7.72)

0.938

   Elation

0.94 (0.24 – 3.66)

0.941

1.32 (0.31 – 5.60)

0.687

0.67 (0.13 – 3.48)

0.652

  Neuropsychiatric symptoms (severe/persistent symptoms only)

   Hallucinations

0.47 (0.17 – 1.31)

0.143

0.72 (0.24 – 2.17)

0.544

0.52 (0.16 – 1.68)

0.269

   Apathy

0.39 (0.13 – 1.15)

0.102

0.49 (0.16 – 1.50)

0.236

0.32 (0.10 – 1.05)

0.071

   Delusions

0.38 (0.13 – 1.07)

0.064

0.62 (0.20 – 1.91)

0.392

0.47 (0.14 – 1.54)

0.212

   Irritability

0.58 (0.20 – 1.70)

0.308

0.81 (0.26 – 2.52)

0.709

0.59 (0.18 – 1.95)

0.384