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Table 3 Direct, indirect, and total effects of the pathways between community-level SES and cognitive function (N = 26,065)

From: The association between community-level socioeconomic status and cognitive function among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a study based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

Effects

Estimate (95% CI)

Total effects

0.380 (0.179, 0.570)

Direct effects

0.265 (0.100, 0.430)

Total indirect effects

0.111 (0.036, 0.184)

Specific indirect effects

 Community-level SES → Individual-level SES → Cognitive function

0.108 (0.057, 0.156)

 Community-level SES → Handicapped access → Cognitive function

0.000 (− 0.009, 0.009)

 Community-level SES → Health care facilities → Cognitive function

0.000 (− 0.015, 0.009)

 Community-level SES → Outdoor exercise facilities → Cognitive function

0.023 (0.000, 0.056)

 Community-level SES → Voluntary social organizations → Cognitive function

0.001 (− 0.021, 0.025)

 Community-level SES → Libraries → Cognitive function

−0.002 (− 0.022, 0.009)

 Community-level SES → Rooms for card games and chess games → Cognitive function

−0.014 (− 0.059, 0.006)

  1. Multilevel structural equation models adjusted for the percentage of residents with non-agricultural work at the community level, age, sex, residence, occupation, marital status, ADLs at the individual level. The estimates are omitted for simplicity
  2. SES Socioeconomic status, CI Confidence interval