Table 1 Baseline descriptive characteristics of the sample by BMI categories (N = 1415)
From: Body mass index and 12-year mortality among older Mexican Americans aged 75 years and older
BMI Categories | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Total N (%) | Underweight N (%) | Normal Weight N (%) | Overweight N (%) | Obesity category I N (%) | Obesity category II/Morbid Obesity N (%) | P-value |
Total | 1415 (100) | 25 (1.8) | 436 (30.8) | 554 (39.2) | 293 (20.7) | 107 (7.6) | – |
Age, mean (SD) | 81.3 ± 4.5 | 83.8 ± 5.6 | 82.3 ± 5.1 | 80.9 ± 4.2 | 80.7 ± 4.4 | 79.6 ± 3.3 | 0.2769 |
Gender | |||||||
Male | 561 (39.7) | 10 (40.0) | 176 (40.4) | 248 (44.8) | 103 (35.2) | 24 (22.4) | 0.0002 |
Female | 854 (60.4) | 15 (60.0) | 260 (59.6) | 306 (55.2) | 190 (64.9) | 83 (77.6) | |
Married | 641 (45.3) | 11 (44.0) | 177 (40.6) | 283 (51.1) | 131 (44.7) | 39 (36.5) | 0.0051 |
Education, mean (SD) | 5.5 ± 3.9 | 5.2 ± 3.1 | 5.5 ± 3.8 | 5.8 ± 3.9 | 5.4 ± 4.0 | 4.9 ± 3.5 | <.0001 |
U.S. Born | 821 (58.0) | 15 (60.0) | 246 (56.4) | 333 (60.1) | 156 (53.2) | 71 (66.4) | 0.1215 |
Current smoker | 90 (6.4) | 4 (16) | 32 (7.3) | 38 (6.9) | 10 (3.4) | 6 (5.6) | 0.0460 |
BMI, mean (SD) | 27.5 ± 1.7 | 17.4 ± 1.1 | 22.7 ± 1.7 | 27.4 ± 1.4 | 31.9 ± 1.4 | 38.5 ± 3.2 | 0.0816 |
Hypertension | 880 (62.2) | 7 (28.0) | 237 (54.4) | 352 (63.5) | 202 (68.9) | 82 (76.6) | <.0001 |
Heart Attack | 113 (8.0) | 3 (12.0) | 32 (7.3) | 46 (8.3) | 23 (7.9) | 9 (8.4) | 0.8603 |
Cancer | 98 (6.9) | 1 (4.0) | 28 (6.4) | 37 (6.7) | 21 (7.2) | 11 (10.3) | 0.6834 |
Diabetes | 452 (31.9) | 4 (16.0) | 108 (24.8) | 177 (32.0) | 107 (36.5) | 56 (52.3) | <.0001 |
Stroke | 84 (5.9) | 2 (8.0) | 21 (4.8) | 32 (5.8) | 23 (7.9) | 6 (5.6) | 0.4666 |
Hip fracture | 44 (3.1) | 2 (8.) | 18 (4.1) | 14 (2.5) | 8 (2.7) | 2 (1.9) | 0.2793 |
Depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 16) | 208 (14.7) | 5 (20.0) | 65 (14.9) | 73 (13.2) | 49 (16.7) | 16 (15.0) | 0.6335 |
Any falls | 448 (31.7) | 9 (36.0) | 146 (33.5) | 159 (28.7) | 96 (32.8) | 38 (35.5) | 0.4017 |
ADL disability | 348 (24.6) | 6 (24.0) | 92 (21.1) | 130 (23.5) | 75 (25.6) | 45 (42.1) | 0.0003 |
MMSE, mean (SD) | 22.8 ± 5.4 | 20.8 ± 7.2 | 22.3 ± 5.5 | 23.1 ± 5.2 | 23.0 ± 5.3 | 22.9 ± 5.4 | <.0001 |
SPPB Score, mean ± SD | 6.4 ± 3.4 | 5.7 ± 3.6 | 6.8 ± 3.3 | 6.5 ± 3.4 | 6.3 ± 3.4 | 4.9 ± 3.6 | <.0001 |
Dead | 899 (63.5) | 23 (92.0) | 297 (68.1) | 330 (59.6) | 173 (59.0) | 76 (71.0) | 0.0002 |