Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics according to different sarcopenia groups
Characteristics | Non-sarcopenia (n = 1139) | Possible sarcopenia (n = 88) | Diagnosed sarcopenia (n = 142) | Severe sarcopenia (n = 136) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 74.47 ± 6.23 | 78.26 ± 6.74 | 77.02 ± 6.82 | 85.99 ± 5.83 | p < 0.001 |
Sex |  |  |  |  | p = 0.82 |
 Male | 487 (57.2%) | 34 (61.4%) | 64 (54.9%) | 58 (57.4%) |  |
 Female | 652 (42.8%) | 54 (38.6%) | 78 (45.1%) | 78 (42.6%) |  |
Household income (RMB) |  |  |  |  | p = 0.10 |
  ≤ 3000 | 315 (27.7%) | 28 (31.8%) | 33 (23.2%) | 44 (32.4%) |  |
 3000–6000 | 718 (63.0%) | 56 (63.6%) | 91 (64.1%) | 73 (53.7%) |  |
  ≥ 6000 | 106 (9.3%) | 4 (4.5%) | 18 (12.7%) | 19 (14.0%) |  |
Education level |  |  |  |  | p = 0.06 |
 Primary school or below | 152 (13.3%) | 18 (20.5%) | 10 (7.0%) | 16 (11.8%) |  |
 Middle or senior high school | 875 (76.8%) | 66 (75.0%) | 118 (83.1%) | 103 (75.7%) |  |
 University level or above | 112 (9.8%) | 4 (4.5%) | 14 (9.9%) | 17 (12.5%) |  |
Alcohol drinking |  |  |  |  | p = 0.36 |
 No | 1020 (89.6%) | 84 (95.5%) | 128 (90.1%) | 123 (90.4%) |  |
 Yes | 119 (10.4%) | 4 (4.5%) | 14 (9.9%) | 13 (9.6%) |  |
Cigarette smoking |  |  |  |  | p = 0.61 |
 Non-smoker | 909 (79.8%) | 73 (83.0%) | 112 (78.9%) | 114 (83.8%) |  |
 Yes | 230 (20.2%) | 15 (17.0%) | 30 (21.1%) | 22 (16.2%) |  |
Chronic diseases |  |  |  |  | p < 0.001 |
 No | 268 (23.5%) | 26 (29.5%) | 24 (16.9%) | 13 (9.6%) |  |
 Yes | 871 (76.5%) | 62 (70.5%) | 118 (83.1%) | 123 (90.4%) |  |
Physical activity score | 12.55 ± 3.90 | 12.51 ± 3.88 | 10.37 ± 1.72 | 8.97 ± 1.05 | p < 0.001 |
NRT |  |  |  |  | p < 0.001 |
  < 20 | 165 (14.5%) | 13 (14.8%) | 71 (50%) | 89 (65.4%) |  |
  ≥ 20 | 974 (85.5%) | 75 (85.2%) | 71 (50%) | 47 (34.6%) |  |
RSMI | 7.99 ± 1.62 | 7.29 ± 1.14 | 5.75 ± 0.88 | 5.38 ± 1.00 | p < 0.001 |
 Handgrip strength | 27.59 ± 6.90 | 21.67 ± 5.60 | 21.27 ± 4.75 | 16.37 ± 5.46 | p < 0.001 |
 Gait speed (m/s) | 1.08 ± 0.11 | 0.97 ± 0.21 | 0.79 ± 0.19 | 0.63 ± 0.14 | p < 0.001 |
GOHAI | 39.26 ± 4.05 | 39 ± 4.70 | 37.3 ± 4.47 | 36.79 ± 4.01 | P < 0.001 |
MNA-SF | 12.54 ± 0.98 | 11.11 ± 1.87 | 10.26 ± 1.76 | 9.19 ± 1.71 | P < 0.001 |