Table 8 Associations between Neuropsychiatric Inventory subscores (frequency x severity) and psychotropic drug treatment If value 1 is not included in the 95% confidence interval, a significant association is indicated (p < 0.05); these results are printed in bold. 95% Confidence interval (lower boundary, upper boundary)
From: A bitter pill to swallow - Polypharmacy and psychotropic treatment in people with advanced dementia
NPI subscores | Antipsychotics (N05A) OR (CI 95%) | Antidepressants (N06A) OR (CI 95%) | Sedatives (=antipsychotic + anxiolytic + hypnotic drugs) OR (CI 95%) | Pain medication (=N02A+N02B) OR (CI 95%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Delusions | 1.06 (0.91-1.23) | 1.13 (0.99-1.30) | 1.06 (0.91-1.23) | 1.02 (0.84-1.24) |
Hallucinations | 1.00 (0.83-1.20) | 0.93 (0.78-1.12) | 0.96 (0.80-1.15) | 0.76 (0.54-1.07) |
Agitation/Aggression | 0.96 (0.84-1.11) | 0.99 (0.87-1.13) | 0.95 (0.83-1.10) | 1.12 (0.95-1.33) |
Depression | 0.92 (0.81-1.04) | 1.04 (0.93-1.17) | 0.91 (0.80-1.02) | 1.08 (0.94-1.25) |
Anxiety | 1.19 (1.04-1.36) | 1.03 (0.91-1.16) | 1.23 (1.06-1.43) | 1.05 (0.90-1.23) |
Euphoria | 0.93 (0.78-1.11) | 0.99 (0.83-1.18) | 0.90 (0.76-1.07) | 1.10 80.88-1.38) |
Apathy | 1.01 (0.94-1.09) | 1.02 (0.95-1.09) | 1.00 (0.94-1.08) | 1.04 (0.94-1.14) |
Disinhibition | 0.98 (0.86-1.12) | 1.11 (0.99-1.25) | 0.96 (0.85-1.09) | 0.94 (0.79-1.13) |
Irritability | 1.13 (0.99-1.29) | 0.93 (0.81-1.07) | 1.10 (0.96-1.26) | 0.95 (0.80-1.14) |
Aberrant motor behaviour | 1.03 (0.95-1.11) | 0.97 (0.90-1.05) | 1.03 (0.96-1.12) | 0.93 (0.84-1.04 |
Nighttime behaviour | 1.10 (1.00-1.22) | 0.93 (0.84-1.03) | 1.09 (0.99-1.20) | 0.84 (0.71-0.99) |
Eating disturbances | 1.02 (0.94-1.12) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 1.04 (0.96-1.14) | 1.01 (0.91-1.13) |