Table 1 Demographic and health-related characteristics for each study group

Age

67.8±6.4

64.5±6.6

67.7±5.5

70.8±5.6

*

*

*

Sex (Female: male)

45:43

8:20

17:13

20:10

*

*

NS

Disease duration (months)

-

10.4±13.6

76.4±52.3

0±0

*

*

*

 Walk around house

3(0-4)

3(1-4)

3(3-4)

3(3-4)

NS

NS

NS

 Up and down stairs

2(0-4)

0.5(0-4)

3(1-4)

3(0-4)

*

*

NS

 Pick up slipper

3(0-4)

1(0-4)

3(0-4)

3(2-3)

*

*

NS

 Reach at eye level

3(0-4)

1(0-4)

3(2-4)

3(0-4)

*

*

NS

 Reach on tiptoes

1.5(0-3)

0(0-2)

2(0-3)

2(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Stand on chair to reach

1(0-3)

0(0-0)

1(0-3)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Sweep the floor

2(0-4)

0(0-3)

2(0-4)

3(0-4)

*

*

NS

 Walk outside to nearby car

0.5(0-3)

0(0-1)

1(0-3)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Get in/out of car

1(0-4)

1(0-2)

2(0-4)

2(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Walk across parking lot

1(0-4)

0(0-1)

1(0-4)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Up and down ramp

1(0-4)

0(0-4)

1(0-3)

2(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Walk in crowded mall

0(0-3)

0(0-1)

1(0-3)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Walk in crowd/bumped

0(0-3)

0(0-0)

0(0-2)

0(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Escalator holding rail

1(0-3)

0(0-1)

2(0-3)

1(0-3)

*

*

*

 Escalator not holding rail

0(0-3)

0(0-0)

0(0-3)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Walk on icy sidewalks

1(0-4)

0(0-0)

1(0-4)

1(0-3)

*

*

NS

 Sitting time (1-4)^a

4(1-4)

4(2-4)

3(1-4)

4(3-4)

*

NS

*

Fall history

NS

NS

NS

 Non-faller

65

22

20

23

 Single faller

16

3

7

6

 Recurrent faller

7

3

3

1

ABC overall (0-100)

75.1±23.2

52.5±25.8

82.3±13.2

89.1±8.5

*

*

NS

FR (cm)

24.3±7.4

19.1±7.3

27.6±6.6

25.6±5.9

*

*

NS

TUG test (0-5) ^a

4(0-5)

2(0-4)

4(3-5)

4(4-5)

*

*

NS

Walking ability

*

*

NS

 Complete independence

64

4

30

30

 Modified independence

10

10

0

0

 With supervision

8

8

0

0

 With assistance

6

6

0

0