Table 1 Characteristics of the study group
From: 12-month survival in nonagenarians inside the Mugello study: on the way to live a century
Total sample (N = 433) | Alive (N = 345) | Deceased (N = 88) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 92 [5] | 92 [4] | 94 [5] |
Sex (F) | 314 (72.5%) | 245 (71.0%) | 69 (78.4%) |
Time from interview to death (days) | 185 ± 101 | ||
Marital status | |||
Single | 19 (4.4%) | 14 (4.1%) | 5 (5.7%) |
Married | 82 (18.9%) | 70 (20.3%) | 12 (13.6%) |
Widow/widower | 332 (76.7%) | 261 (75.7%) | 71 (80.7%) |
Institutionalized (Y) | 43 (9.9%) | 31 (9.0%) | 12 (13.6%) |
Education | |||
None | 63 (14.5%) | 52 (15.1%) | 11 (12.5%) |
Primary school | 320 (73.9%) | 249 (72.2%) | 71 (80.7%) |
Secondary school | 23 (5.3%) | 21 86.1%) | 2 (2.3%) |
High school or higher | 27 (6.2%) | 23 (6.7%) | 4 (4.5%) |
MMSE | |||
< 14 | 107 (24.7%) | 67 (19.4%) | 40 (45.5%) |
14-21 | 97 (22.4%) | 77 (22.3%) | 20 (22.7%) |
22-26 | 106 (24.5%) | 87 (25.2%) | 19 (21.6%) |
27-30 | 123 (28.4%) | 114 (33.0%) | 9 (10.2%) |
SPPB score > 9 | 25 (5.8%) | 23 (6.7%) | 2 (2.3%) |
Autonomy BADL | |||
Severely dependent | 163 (37.6%) | 106 (30.7%) | 57 (64.8%) |
Moderately dependent | 125 (28.9%) | 106 (30.7%) | 19 (21.6%) |
Independent | 145 (33.5%) | 133 (38.6%) | 12 (3.6%) |
Physical activity score (Active) | 197 (45.5%) | 180 (52.2%) | 17 (19.3%) |
Depression (Y) | 31 (7.2%) | 23 (6.7%) | 8 (9.1%) |
Smoking | |||
Never | 300 (69.3%) | 236 (68.4%) | 64 (72.7%) |
Former smoker | 121 (27.9%) | 100 (29.0%) | 21 (23.9%) |
Current smoker | 12 (2.8%) | 9 (2.6%) | 3 (3.4%) |
Nr comorbidities | |||
0 | 55 (12.7%) | 40 (11.6%) | 15 (17.0%) |
1-2 | 265 (61.2%) | 217 (62.9%) | 48 (54.5%) |
> 2 | 113 (26.1%) | 88 (25.5%) | 25 (28.4%) |
Cancer (Y) | 57 (13.2%) | 45 8(13.0%) | 12 (13.6%) |
Myocardial Infarction (Y) | 53 (12.2%) | 41 (11.9%) | 12 (13.6%) |
Congestive heart failure (Y) | 93 (21.5%) | 70 (20.3%) | 23 (26.1%) |
Peripheral vascular disease (Y) | 80 (18.5%) | 66 (19.1%) | 14 (15.9%) |
Hypertension (Y) | 253 (58.4%) | 201 (58.3%) | 52 (59.1%) |
Dyslipidaemia (Y) | 48 (11.1%) | 39 (11.3%) | 9 (10.2%) |
Chronic lung disease (Y) | 55 (12.7%) | 49 (14.2%) | 6 (6.8%) |
Bedsore (Y) | 60 (13.9%) | 50 (14.5%) | 10 (11.4%) |
Diabetes without organ damage (Y) | 48 (11.1%) | 37 (10.7%) | 11 (12.5%) |
Diabetes with organ damage (Y) | 22 (5.1%) | 16 (4.6%) | 6 (6.8%) |
Kidney dysfunction (Y) | 23 (5.3%) | 13 (3.8%) | 10 (11.4%) |
MedDietScore | 34 [4] | 34 [5] | 34 [4] |
Nr of drugs | 3 [2] | 3 [2] | 3 [3] |