Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics of non-POCD and POCD groups (including only participants who had MoCA administered 1Â week after surgery to establish their POCD status)
Variable | No POCD (n = 148) | POCD at 1 week (n = 59) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 72.64 ± 6.48 | 70.88 ± 7.15 | 0.09 |
Male | 83 (56.1%) | 36 (61.0%) | 0.54 |
Education levels | |||
 6 years or less | 114 (77.0%) | 49 (83.1%) | 0.45 |
 More than 6 years | 34 (23.0%) | 10 (16.9%) |  |
 BMI | 24.33 ± 4.18 | 24.22 ± 4.32 | 0.86 |
ASA class | |||
 Class II | 41 (27.7%) | 6 (10.2%) | 0.01* |
 Class III | 101 (68.2%) | 48 (81.4%) | 0.06 |
 Class IV | 6 (4.1%) | 5 (8.5%) | 0.30 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 5.78 ± 1.78 | 5.68 ± 1.92 | 0.73 |
Charlson comorbidity index > 5 | 73 (49.3%) | 27 (45.8%) | 0.76 |
Cardiovascular disease | 125 (84.5%) | 56 (94.9%) | 0.06 |
Endocrine disease | 113 (76.4%) | 46 (78.0%) | 0.86 |
Respiratory disease | 14 (9.5%) | 5 (8.5%) | 1.00 |
Nervous system disease | 39 (26.4%) | 11 (18.6%) | 0.28 |
CKD: 3a, 3b, 4, 5 | 53 (35.8%) | 28 (47.5%) | 0.16 |
Modified IQCODE ≥ 3.42 | 23 (16.2%) | 7 (12.1%) | 0.52 |
MoCA | 18.48 ± 5.05 | 20.86 ± 5.40 | 0.01* |
PHQ-9 ≥ 7 | 7 (4.7%) | 7 (11.9%) | 0.12 |
Barthel ADL Index; score 0–70, moderately disabled | 6 (4.1%) | 2 (3.4%) | 1.00 |
Barthel ADL Index; score 100 | 94.52 ± 9.98 | 94.32 ± 12.77 | 0.91 |
Barthel ADL Index; score < 100 | 60 (41.1%) | 24 (40.7%) | 1.00 |
IADL score | 6.67 ± 1.70 | 6.37 ± 2.11 | 0.33 |
IADL score < 8 for women or score < 5 for men | 37 (25.0%) | 15 (25.4%) | 1.00 |
Frailty | 15 (10.1%) | 12 (20.3%) | 0.07 |
Quality of life at admission | 0.85 ± 0.17 | 0.88 ± 0.17 | 0.37 |