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Table 3 Differences in impairment among females compared to males, presented as estimate or odds ratio (OR) when indicated with (95% confidence interval) and p-values for each outcome. Estimates that are statistically significant (p < 0.05) are bolded

From: Prospective telehealth analysis of functional performance, frailty, quality of life, and mental health after COVID-19 hospitalization

Outcome; estimate type

Baseline difference

Est [95% CI] P-value

Week 18 difference*

Est [95% CI] P-value

10-Time Chair Rise Test

 Unable to complete due to physical ability or safety concerns; OR

2.1 [0.7, 7.4]

P = 0.20

 

 Time to complete; seconds

5.6 [0.2, 11.1]

P = 0.04

 

 Change in time to complete from week 2/6; seconds

 

0 [−3.2, 4.1]

P = 0.81

Clinical Frailty Scale

 Post-hospitalization reported frailty; OR

0.8 [0.2, 2.5]

P = 0.67

 

 Did not return to pre-hospitalization frailty; OR

 

3.4 [1.2, 10.6]

P = 0.03

MRC Dyspnea Scale

 Too SOB to leave the house and/or SOB while dressing; OR

2.0 [0.8, 5.3]

P = 0.13

 

 No improvement from week 2–6 answer; OR

 

1.6 [0.6, 4.9]

P = 0.37

IES-6

 Met criteria for PTSD; OR

1.3 [0.5, 3.5]

P = 0.53

 

 Continued or new PTSD; OR

 

2.7 [0.9, 9.6]

P = 0.10

WHODAS 2.0

 Total score

4.4 [−0.3, 9.1]

P = 0.06

 

 Difference from week 2–6; score

 

3.1 [−1.8, 8.1]

P = 0.21

Supplemental O2

 Reported use; OR

2.0 [0.9, 4.5]

P = 0.10

 

 Continued or new use of supplemental O2; OR

 

4.8 [1.5, 19.0]

P = 0.01

Activity Level

 Did not return to pre-hospitalization exercise; OR

 

1.2 [0.4, 3.8]

P = 0.8

  1. * Week 12 data used if week 18 data was unavailable