Sex differences in at-risk drinking and associated factors–a cross-sectional study of 8,616 community-dwelling adults 60 years and older: the Tromsø study, 2015-16

Table 3 Factors associated with different patterns of at-risk drinking: Women ≥60 years (current drinkers, n = 3,752) in the Tromsø survey (2015-16)

	At-risk drinking^a (n = 1,653) vs. low risk drinking (n = 2,099)		Heavy episodic drinking^b (n = 844) vs. no heavy episodic drinking (n = 2,871)		Alcohol problems^c (n = 446) vs. no alcohol problem (n = 3,228)
Predictor	Adjusted OR†	95% CI	Adjusted OR†	95% CI	Adjusted OR†	95% CI
Age (ref: 60-69)	1.00	ref	1.00	ref	1.00	ref
70–79	0.57**	0.50-0.67	0.51**	0.42-0.62	0.48**	0.37-0.62
≥80	0.30**	0.22-0.40	0.31**	0.21-0.48	0.03**	0.01-0.19
Educational level (ref group: Elementary school)	1.00	ref	1.00	ref	1.00	ref
High school	1.80**	1.52-2.12	0.85	0.69-1.05	1.18	0.90-1.55
College/university	2.65**	2.28-3.10	0.94	0.78-1.14	1.37*	1.07-1.75
Living with a spouse or partner (vs. living alone)	1.42**	1.22-1.64	0.95	0.80-1.14	0.71**	0.57-0.89
Enough social support (vs. not)	1.41**	1.12-1.77	0.98	0.74-1.30	0.70*	0.50-0.98
Self-reported health status (ref group: Bad or very bad)	1.00	ref	1.00	ref	1.00	ref
Neither good nor bad	1.40*	1.01-1.95	1.05	0.70-1.58	0.82	0.50-1.33
Good	1.66**	1.21-2.29	0.91	0.61-1.35	0.67	0.42-1.08
Excellent	2.33**	1.62-3.34	1.13	0.73-1.76	0.51*	0.30-0.88
Mental distress (vs. no mental distress)	0.92	0.71-1.18	1.02	0.75-1.39	2.83**	2.08-3.85
Have used sleeping pills during last 4 weeks (vs. no use last 4 weeks)	1.08	0.91-1.30	1.19	0.95-1.49	1.90**	1.46-2.48

OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval
^aAUDIT-C ≥3, suggests at-risk alcohol use in women; ^bAUDIT-3 ≥1, ≥6 units (≥72 g of pure ethanol) in one sitting at least once last 12 months; ^cAUDIT items 4-10 ≥1
†Adjusted for age (continuous) and educational level
*p ≤ 0.05 **p < 0.01

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