Table 1 Characteristics of the population stratified by tertiles of age
From: Computed tomography findings and prognosis in older COVID-19 patients
Population (n :380) | Group 1 Aged 60–74 (n :139) | Group 2 Aged 75–83 (n :116) | Group3 Aged ≥ 84 (n :125) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 78(9) | 68.(4) | 79(2) | 89(4) | - |
Gender (M) | 214(56) | 99(71) | 62(53) | 53(42) | < 0.001 |
Household situation | |||||
Living at home | 281(74) | 115(83) | 94(81) | 72(58) | < 0.001 |
Nutritional status | |||||
Obese | 60(16) | 31(22) | 18(16) | 11(9) | 0.01 |
Underweight/malnourished | 48(13) | 5(4) | 14(12) | 19(15) | < 0.001 |
PaO2/FIO2 | 271 (110) | 265 (112) | 282 (116) | 267 (102) | 0.12 |
Frailty | 31(8) | 9(6) | 9(8) | 13(10) | 0.49 |
Pneumonia severity | |||||
No oxygen therapy | 128(34) | 54(39) | 38(33) | 36(29) | 0.22 |
Oxygen by mask or nasal prongs | 179(47) | 49(36) | 60(52) | 70(57) | 0.002 |
NIV or HF oxygen | 52(14) | 22(16) | 13(11) | 17(14) | 0.56 |
Intubation and mechanical ventilation | 17(5) | 12(9) | 5(4) | 0(0) | 0.003 |
Main comorbidities | |||||
Diabetes mellitus | 83(22) | 27(19) | 32(28) | 24(19) | 0.20 |
Chronic heart failure | 40(11) | 9(6) | 12(10) | 19(15) | 0.07 |
Atrial fibrillation | 50(13) | 6(4) | 19(16) | 25(20) | < 0.001 |
Cognitive impairment | 51(13) | 4(3) | 17(15) | 30(24) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 83(22) | 33(24) | 28(24) | 22(18) | 0.37 |
Chronic kidney disease | 50(13) | 11(8) | 18(16) | 21(17) | 0.07 |
COPD | 38(10) | 7(5) | 15(13) | 16(13) | 0.05 |
Hospital stay (days) | 8 (IQR:19) | 6.5 (IQR:17.2) | 8.5 (IQR:19.8) | 8 (IQR:21) | 0.67 |
CT scan | |||||
GGO | 322(85) | 128(92) | 97(84) | 97(78) | 0.004 |
Consolidation | 156(41) | 56(40) | 52(45) | 48(38) | 0.57 |
Pulmonary nodules | 47(12) | 9(6) | 24(21) | 14(11) | 0.001 |
Fibrosis | 18(5) | 5(4) | 6(5) | 7(6) | 0.68 |
Bronchiectasis | 34(9) | 12(9) | 11(9) | 11(9) | 0.93 |
Pleural effusion | 86(23) | 23(17) | 21(18) | 42(34) | 0.001 |
Emphysema | 19(5) | 4(3) | 5(4) | 10(8) | 0.12 |
Cardiomegaly | 19(5) | 2(1) | 5(4) | 12(10) | 0.01 |
Pericardial effusion | 19(5) | 3(2) | 5(4) | 11(9) | 0.03 |
Solid lesion | 19(5) | 3(2) | 10(9) | 6(5) | 0.05 |
Pulmonary embolism | 10(3) | 3(2) | 4(3) | 3(2) | 0.75 |
Subsegmental vascular enlargement | 1(0) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 1(0) | 0.35 |
Outcome | |||||
Clinical improvement | 198 (52) | 88 (63) | 66 (57) | 44 (35) | < 0.001 |
Death | 95 (25) | 19 (14) | 24 (21) | 52 (42) | < 0.001 |
No major change | 14 (4) | 6 (4) | 4 (3) | 4 (3) | 0.88 |
Transfer to a different hospital | 71 (18) | 24 (17) | 22 (19) | 25 (20) | 0.85 |