Table 1 Socio-economic profile of older adults in India, 2017–18
Background characteristics | Male | Female | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample | Percentage | Sample | Percentage | |
Headship statusa | ||||
Nominal head | 145 | 1.3 | 189 | 1.5 |
Functional head | 9611 | 85.8 | 2773 | 22.4 |
Not head but take decision | 1310 | 11.7 | 8807 | 71.0 |
Nor head neither take any decision | 132 | 1.2 | 633 | 5.1 |
Age | ||||
Young-old | 8730 | 57.8 | 9678 | 59.1 |
Old-old | 4702 | 31.1 | 4803 | 29.4 |
Oldest-old | 1666 | 11.0 | 1886 | 11.5 |
Education | ||||
No education/primary not completed | 8019 | 53.1 | 13,314 | 81.4 |
Primary completed | 2235 | 14.8 | 1297 | 7.9 |
Secondary completed | 3096 | 20.5 | 1297 | 7.9 |
Higher and above | 1748 | 11.6 | 458 | 2.8 |
Living arrangement | ||||
Living alone | 380 | 2.5 | 1397 | 8.5 |
Living with spouse | 3929 | 26.0 | 2485 | 15.2 |
Living with children | 10,205 | 67.6 | 11,268 | 68.9 |
Living with others | 583 | 3.9 | 1216 | 7.4 |
Marital status | ||||
Currently married | 12,242 | 81.1 | 7211 | 44.1 |
Widowed | 2489 | 16.5 | 8837 | 54.0 |
Others | 366 | 2.4 | 318 | 2.0 |
Working status | ||||
Working | 6613 | 43.8 | 3108 | 19.0 |
Retired | 7907 | 52.4 | 5593 | 34.2 |
Not working | 578 | 3.8 | 7665 | 46.8 |
Social participation | ||||
No | 13,409 | 88.8 | 13,914 | 85.0 |
Yes | 1689 | 11.2 | 2452 | 15.0 |
Self-rated healtha | ||||
Good | 7875 | 53.3 | 7982 | 49.8 |
Poor | 6909 | 46.7 | 8045 | 50.2 |
Difficulty in ADL | ||||
No | 11,788 | 78.1 | 12,022 | 73.5 |
Yes | 3310 | 21.9 | 4344 | 26.5 |
Difficulty in IADL | ||||
No | 9112 | 60.4 | 7047 | 43.1 |
Yes | 5986 | 39.7 | 9319 | 56.9 |
Psychological distress | ||||
Low | 6180 | 40.9 | 5962 | 36.4 |
Medium | 4956 | 32.8 | 5261 | 32.2 |
High | 3962 | 26.2 | 5143 | 31.4 |
MPCE quintile | ||||
Poorest | 3145 | 20.8 | 3681 | 22.5 |
Poorer | 3219 | 21.3 | 3611 | 22.1 |
Middle | 3262 | 21.6 | 3331 | 20.4 |
Richer | 2902 | 19.2 | 3136 | 19.2 |
Richest | 2570 | 17.0 | 2607 | 15.9 |
Religion | ||||
Hindu | 12,386 | 82.0 | 13,484 | 82.4 |
Muslim | 1769 | 11.7 | 1781 | 10.9 |
Christian | 388 | 2.6 | 511 | 3.1 |
Others | 555 | 3.7 | 590 | 3.6 |
Caste | ||||
Scheduled Caste | 2836 | 18.8 | 3113 | 19.0 |
Scheduled Tribe | 1166 | 7.7 | 1389 | 8.5 |
Other Backward Class | 6925 | 45.9 | 7308 | 44.7 |
Others | 4172 | 27.6 | 4556 | 27.8 |
Place of residence | ||||
Rural | 10,879 | 72.1 | 11,322 | 69.2 |
Urban | 4219 | 28.0 | 5044 | 30.8 |
Region | ||||
North | 1863 | 12.3 | 2096 | 12.8 |
Central | 3395 | 22.5 | 3202 | 19.6 |
East | 3713 | 24.6 | 3729 | 22.8 |
Northeast | 437 | 2.9 | 497 | 3.0 |
West | 2457 | 16.3 | 2941 | 18.0 |
South | 3233 | 21.4 | 3900 | 23.8 |
Total | 15,098 | 100.0 | 16,366 | 100.0 |