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Table 5 Generalized Linear Mixed Models for comprehensive impact at COVID-19 survey Baseline and Exit waves (Total multimorbidity resilience score and three multimorbidity resilience sub-domains scores)

From: Multimorbidity resilience and COVID-19 pandemic self-reported impact and worry among older adults: a study based on the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)

 

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

EXP (B)

[95% CI]

EXP (B)

[95% CI]

EXP (B)

[95% CI]

EXP (B)

[95% CI]

Survey wave (Baseline)

 Exit

1.10 *

[1.02,1.18]

1.33 ***

[1.17,1.51]

1.10 *

[1.02,1.18]

1.33 ***

[1.17,1.51]

Total resilience score

0.88 ***

[0.86,0.90]

0.82 ***

[0.80,0.85]

 

Functional resilience score

–

1.00

[0.98,1.03]

0.98

[0.95,1.00]

Psychological resilience score

0.89 ***

[0.88,0.91]

0.89 ***

[0.88,0.90]

Social resilience score

1.05 ***

[1.02,1.08]

1.02

[0.99,1.05]

Sex (Female)

 Male

 

1.17 *

[1.03,1.31]

 

1.18 **

[1.05,1.33]

Sex x Survey wave (Female)

 Male

 

0.75 ***

[0.64,0.87]

 

0.75 ***

[0.64,0.87]

Age (65 to 74 years old)

 75 years and older

 

0.92

[0.82,1.04]

 

0.98

[0.87,1.10]

Age x Survey wave (65 to 74 years old)

 75 years and older

 

0.94

[0.80,1.09]

 

0.94

[0.80,1.10]

Marital status (Not married)

 Married / Common law

 

1.28 **

[1.11,1.47]

 

1.20 *

[1.04,1.38]

Household size (1 person)

 2 persons

 

0.97

[0.84,1.12]

 

0.94

[0.81,1.09]

 3 persons and more

 

0.87

[0.72,1.04]

 

0.84

[0.70,1.01]

Highest education (University degrees)

 No post-secondary education

 

0.61 ***

[0.54,0.68]

 

0.62 ***

[0.55,0.70]

 Post-secondary education

 

0.65 ***

[0.58,0.72]

 

0.66 ***

[0.60,0.74]

Work status (Work)

 Non-working

 

1.03

[0.88,1.20]

 

1.03

[0.89,1.20]

Personal income (Less than $20,000)

 $20,000 to $49,999

 

1.13

[0.98,1.31]

 

1.12

[0.97,1.29]

 $50,000 to $99,999

 

1.41 ***

[1.21,1.65]

 

1.41 ***

[1.21,1.65]

 $100,000 and more

 

1.53 ***

[1.24,1.88]

 

1.56 ***

[1.27,1.92]

Living area (Rural area)

 Urban area

 

1.45 ***

[1.24,1.69]

 

1.45 ***

[1.24,1.69]

Country of birth (Canada)

 Out of Canada

 

1.08

[0.96,1.21]

 

1.09

[0.97,1.23]

Ethnicity status (Visible minority)

 Non-Visible minority

 

1.68 ***

[1.31,2.15]

 

1.63 ***

[1.27,2.09]

AIC

57,868.23

53,753.11

57,947.95

53,810.80

  1. Note: * p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01, ***, p < .001; Reference group listed in the (−-); Confidence intervals are reported in parentheses under each estimate