Table 2 Hierarchy of activities of daily living among older adults in nursing homes
Variables | Independenta (n = 48,738) 24.5% | Hierarchy of ADL | X2; df | P-value ǂ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Supervision requiredb (n = 32,162) 16.2% | Limited assistancec (n = 35,203) 17.7% | Extensive assistanced(n = 23,716) 11.9% | Maximal assistancee (n = 16,072) 8.1% | Dependencef (n = 32,463) 16.3% | Total dependenceg (n = 10,436) 5.2% | ||||
Age, % | |||||||||
60–69 | 26.9 | 16.1 | 15.5 | 14.7 | 6.3 | 13.3 | 6.6 | 811.41; 18 | < 0.001 |
70–79 | 24.3 | 16.2 | 16.7 | 13.1 | 7.5 | 15.9 | 6.4 | ||
80–89 | 24.5 | 16.9 | 17.7 | 11.6 | 8.1 | 16.0 | 5.2 | ||
≥ 90 | 24.2 | 15.1 | 18.8 | 11.0 | 8.8 | 17.8 | 4.4 | ||
Gender, % | |||||||||
Men | 23.2 | 16.3 | 18.4 | 14.3 | 8.4 | 15.3 | 4.2 | 859.52; 6 | < 0.001 |
Women | 25.2 | 16.1 | 17.3 | 10.7 | 7.9 | 16.9 | 5.8 | ||
Ethnicity, % | |||||||||
European | 24.4 | 16.3 | 18.0 | 12.0 | 8.2 | 16.2 | 5.0 | 706.06; 24 | < 0.001 |
Māori | 26.7 | 16.8 | 15.2 | 11.9 | 6.8 | 16.0 | 6.6 | ||
Asian | 27.2 | 14.6 | 13.6 | 9.4 | 8.1 | 18.8 | 8.3 | ||
Pacific | 19.9 | 13.4 | 16.8 | 11.3 | 6.9 | 20.5 | 11.1 | ||
Other | 25.3 | 12.5 | 17.7 | 11.4 | 7.1 | 18.1 | 7.9 | ||
BMI, % | |||||||||
Underweight | 16.1 | 12.7 | 16.4 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 22.5 | 11.5 | 5384.70; 24 | < 0.001 |
Normal | 23.0 | 16.0 | 17.7 | 11.7 | 8.7 | 16.6 | 6.3 | ||
Overweight | 27.1 | 17.4 | 18.0 | 11.9 | 7.3 | 14.7 | 3.7 | ||
Obese | 29.0 | 16.9 | 18.0 | 13.2 | 6.7 | 14.4 | 1.8 | ||
Extremely obese | 28.3 | 13.4 | 18.0 | 16.0 | 7.0 | 16.2 | 0.6 | ||