Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics for the treatment and control groups

Age, yr – mean ± sd

72.5 ± 7.2

73.3 ± 8.2

0.35

Male, n(%)

17 (70.8)

10 (47.6)

0.11

Caucasian, n(%)

21 (87.5)

19 (90.5)

1.00

 Weight, lb. – mean ± sd

208 ± 45.4

192.3 ± 45.6

0.26

 BMI – mean ± sd

31.4 ± 5.5

31.0 ± 6.8

0.84

 Resting heart rate, bpm – mean ± sd

72.8 ± 11.8

72.5 ± 10.1

0.92

 Systolic blood pressure, mmHg – mean ± sd

135.8 ± 15.8

133.0 ± 18.8

0.59

 Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg – mean ± sd

79.1 ± 8.5

76.0 ± 8.3

0.20

 Physical Activity Score for the Elderly – mean ± sd

123.1 ± 46.6

132.4 ± 47.1

0.51

 Obesity, n(%)

16 (66.7)

11 (52.4)

0.33

 Diabetes mellitus, n(%)

12 (50.0)

6 (28.6)

0.14

 Hypertension, n(%)

20 (83.3)

16 (76.2)

0.82

 Dyslipidemia, n(%)

16 (66.7)

15 (71.4)

0.73

 Obstructive sleep apnea, n(%)

6 (25.0)

7 (33.3)

0.54

 Atrial fibrillation/flutter, n(%)

7 (29.2)

1 (4.8)

0.08

 Congestive heart failure, n(%)

1 (4.2)

1 (4.8)

1.00

 Coronary artery disease, n(%)

5 (20.8)

3 (14.3)

0.86

 Peripheral vascular disease, n(%)

1 (4.2)

0

1.00

 Stroke, n(%)

1 (4.2)

1 (4.8)

1.00

 Chronic kidney disease, n(%)

4 (16.7)

5 (0.238)

0.82

 Asthma, n(%)

1 (4.2)

1 (4.8)

1.00

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n(%)

1 (4.2)

2 (9.5)

0.91

 Anemia, n(%)

1 (4.2)

0

1.00

 Malignancy, n(%)

2 (8.3)

1 (4.8)

1.00

 Hypothyroidism, n(%)

0

3 (14.3)

0.19

 Hyperthyroidism, n(%)

0

1 (4.8)

0.95

 Kleinfelter syndrome, n(%)

1 (4.2)

0

1.00

 Osteoporosis, n(%)

2 (8.3)

2 (9.5)

1.00

 Osteoarthritis, n(%)

7 (29.2)

7 (33.3)

0.76

 Rheumatoid arthritis, n(%)

0

1 (4.8)

0.95

 Fibromyalgia, n(%)

0

1 (4.8)

0.95

 Degenerative disc disease, n(%)

4 (16.7)

5 (23.8)

0.82

 Spinal stenosis, n(%)

1 (4.2)

2 (9.5)

0.91

 Depression, n(%)

1 (4.2)

3 (14.3)

0.51