Table 2 Demographic characteristics of patients who visited the emergency department with two-wheeled vehicle-related injuries

Number of injury cases

50,376

15,272

65,648

70,563

17,292

87,855

Age

43.3 ± 13.3

73.7 ± 6.1

50.4 ± 17.6

37.4 ± 13.1

74.3 ± 5.9

44.7 ± 19.0

Number of males (%)

35,906 (71.3%)

12,406 (81.2%)

48,312 (73.6%)

64,112 (90.9%)

14,196 (82.1%)

78,308 (89.1%)

Season of injury

 Spring

13,702 (27.2%)

3838 (25.1%)

17,540 (26.7%)

16,846 (23.9%)

4505 (26.1%)

21,351 (24.3%)

 Summer

17,031 (33.8%)

4564 (29.9%)

21,595 (32.9%)

20,024 (28.4%)

5037 (29.1%)

25,061 (28.5%)

 Autumn

14,690 (29.2%)

4582 (30.0%)

19,272 (29.4%)

19,796 (28.1%)

4902 (28.3%)

24,698 (28.1%)

 Winter

4.953 (9.8%)

2288 (15.0%)

7241 (11.0%)

13,897 (19.7%)

2848 (16.5%)

16,745 (19.1%)

Time of injury

 Morning

10,698 (21.2%)

4711 (30.8%)

15,409 (23.5%)

10,441 (14.8%)

4945 (28.6%)

15,386 (17.5%)

 Afternoon

15,982 (31.7%)

6427 (42.1%)

22,409 (34.1%)

22,068 (31.3%)

7941 (45.9%)

30,009 (34.2%)

 Night

19,111 (37.9%)

3677 (24.1%)

22,788 (34.7%)

29,356 (41.6%)

3995 (23.1%)

33,351 (38.0%)

 Dawn

4585 (9.1%)

457 (3.0%)

5042 (7.7%)

8698 (12.3%)

411 (2.4%)

9109 (10.4%)

Helmet use

 Yes

15,062 (29.9%)

1604 (10.5%)

16,666 (25.4%)

56,944 (80.7%)

10,790 (62.4%)

67,734 (77.1%)

 No

35,314 (70.1%)

13,668 (89.5%)

48,982 (74.6%)

13,619 (19.3%)

6502 (37.6%)

20,121 (22.9%)

Insurance type

 National health care

33,295 (66.1%)

7028 (46.0%)

40,323 (61.4%)

15,972 (22.6%)

5671 (32.8%)

21,643 (24.6%)

 Traffic accident insurance

14,623 (29.0%)

7415 (48.6%)

22,038 (33.6%)

50,164 (71.1%)

10,434 (60.3%)

60,598 (69.0)

 Industrial accident insurance

34 (0.1%)

6 (0.0%)

40 (0.1%)

319 (0.5%)

17 (0.1%)

336 (0.4%)

 Medicaid

1320 (2.6%)

587 (3.8%)

1907 (2.9%)

1220 (1.7%)

564 (3.3%)

1784 (2.0%)

 Others

1104 (2.2%)

236 (1.5%)

1340 (2.0%)

2888 (4.1%)

606 (3.5%)

3494 (4.0%)

Means of visit

 911

20,638 (41.0%)

8448 (55.3%)

29,086 (44.3%)

43,109 (61.1%)

10,374 (60.0%)

53,483 (60.9%)

 Hospital ambulance

1676 (3.3%)

1268 (8.3%)

2944 (4.5%)

3447 (4.9%)

2842 (16.4%)

6289 (7.2%)

 Patient visit

27,920 (55.4%)

5486 (35.9%)

33,406 (50.9%)

23,733 (33.6%)

3911 (22.6%)

27,644 (31.5%)

 Others

142 (0.3%)

70 (0.5%)

212 (0.3%)

274 (0.4%)

165 (1.0%)

439 (0.5%)

Area

 Urban area

37,694 (74.8%)

9928 (65.0%)

47,622 (72.5%)

51,316 (72.7%)

7524 (43.5%)

58,840 (67.0%)

  Number of urban injuries /100,000 population

50.9

72.3

54.3

69.3

54.8

67.0

 Rural area

12,682 (25.2%)

5344 (35.0%)

18,026 (27.5%)

19,247 (27.3%)

9768 (56.5%)

29,015 (33.0%)

  Number of rural injuries /100,000 population

42.2

64.6

47.1

64.1

118.1

75.7

Consciousness

 Alert

49,487 (98.2%)

14,417 (94.4%)

63,904 (97.4%)

67,615 (95.8%)

15,649 (90.5%)

83,264 (94.8%)

 Altered

884 (1.8%)

852 (5.6%)

1736 (2.6%)

2944 (4.2%)

1641 (9.5%)

4585 (5.2%)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

133.4 ± 26.8

142.6 ± 31.6

135.6 ± 28.2

134.4 ± 29.6

140.4 ± 34.8

135.6 ± 30.8

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

81.4 ± 21.3

81.76 ± 20.9

81.4 ± 21.2

81.6 ± 21.4

80.8 ± 23.0

81.4 ± 21.7

Pulse rate (beats/min)

82.0 ± 21.0

79.7 ± 21.0

81.4 ± 20.8

83.4 ± 20.6

80.2 ± 22.2

82.8 ± 21.0

Respirate rate (/min)

19.37 ± 6.6

19.3 ± 4.1

19.4 ± 6.0

19.3 ± 13.7

19.3 ± 15.4

19.3 ± 4.1

Body temperature (°C)

36.5 ± 2.6

36.6 ± 3.5

36.4 ± 2.8

36.2 ± 4.1

36.1 ± 4.3

36.2 ± 4.2