Decline in independence after three years and its association with dietary patterns and IADL-related factors in community-dwelling older people: an analysis by age stage and sex

Kodama, Sayuri; Hoshi, Tanji; Kurimori, Sugako

doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02332-5

Table 3 Relationship between dietary intake frequency and independence 3 years later

From: Decline in independence after three years and its association with dietary patterns and IADL-related factors in community-dwelling older people: an analysis by age stage and sex

	All participants (n = 2250)					Earlier-stage (n = 1545)					Later-stage (n = 705)
Baseline characteristics	High independence		Low independence			High independence		Low independence			High independence		Low independence
Baseline characteristics	n	%	n	%	P value	n	%	n	%	P value	n	%	n	%	P value
Protein foods
Meat dishes
Every day	72	67.3	35	32.7	0.096	49	70.0	21	30.0	0.158	23	70.0	14	30.0	0.358
5–6 days a week	151	69.6	66	30.4		101	71.1	41	28.9		50	71.1	25	28.9
3–4 days a week	606	72.7	227	27.3		436	74.8	147	25.2		170	74.8	80	25.2
1–2 days a week	693	67.3	336	32.7		495	69.8	214	30.2		198	69.8	122	30.2
Never	43	67.2	21	32.8		27	65.9	14	34.1		16	65.9	7	34.1
Soy products
Every day	642	74.1	224	25.9	< 0.001	426	77.2	126	22.8	< 0.001	216	67.9	98	32.1	0.002
5–6 days a week	261	73.7	93	26.3		185	75.8	59	24.2		76	64.9	34	35.1
3–4 days a week	438	67.5	211	32.5		328	67.9	155	32.1		110	14.3	56	85.7
1–2 days a week	218	59.7	147	40.3		168	64.9	91	35.1		50	73.8	56	26.2
Never	6	37.5	10	62.5		1	14.3	6	85.7		5	75.1	4	24.9
Eggs/egg dishes
Every day	342	70.5	143	29.5	0.044	211	73.8	75	26.2	0.039	131	68.9	68	31.1	0.272
5–6 days a week	226	73.1	83	26.9		166	75.1	55	24.9		60	61.3	28	38.7
3–4 days a week	553	70.4	233	29.6		398	72.2	153	27.8		155	75.2	80	24.8
1–2 days a week	417	66.7	208	33.3		314	68.9	142	31.1		103	62.8	66	37.2
Never	27	60.0	18	40.0		19	61.3	12	38.7		8	69.2	6	30.8
Bluefish
Every day	80	80.0	20	20.0	< 0.001	54	84.4	10	15.6	< 0.001	26	73.6	10	26.4	0.001
5–6 days a week	192	73.8	68	26.2		120	73.6	43	26.4		72	75.1	25	24.9
3–4 days a week	605	72.5	230	27.5		428	75.1	142	24.9		177	67.3	88	32.7
1–2 days a week	647	65.4	342	34.6		477	67.3	232	32.7		170	74.4	110	25.6
Never	41	62.1	25	37.9		29	74.4	10	25.6		12	77.2	15	22.8
Other foods
Vegetable dishes
Every day	1138	72.6	429	27.4	< 0.001	791	75.2	261	24.8	< 0.001	347	74.9	168	25.1	0.006
5–6 days a week	253	64.1	142	35.9		182	62.8	108	37.2		71	74.1	34	25.9
3–4 days a week	140	61.4	88	38.6		110	69.2	49	30.8		30	65.6	39	34.4
1–2 days a week	34	57.6	25	42.4		25	56.8	19	43.2		9	62.7	6	37.3
Never	0	0.0	1	####		0	0.0	0	0.0		0	66.7	1	33.3
Fluits
Every day	932	72.2	359	27.8	< 0.001	637	74.9	214	25.1	< 0.001	295	75.8	145	24.2	0.070
5–6 days a week	243	71.1	99	28.9		180	74.1	63	25.9		63	73.2	36	26.8
3–4 days a week	247	64.7	135	35.3		177	65.6	93	34.4		70	63.5	42	36.5
1–2 days a week	133	60.7	86	39.3		106	62.7	63	37.3		27	56.9	23	43.1
Never	10	62.5	6	37.5		8	66.7	4	33.3		2	56.9	2	43.1
Dairy products
Every day	950	69.9	409	30.1	0.124	653	73.2	239	26.8	0.014	297	75.8	170	24.2	0.685
5–6 days a week	199	75.1	66	24.9		141	75.8	45	24.2		58	73.2	21	26.8
3–4 days a week	207	73.1	76	26.9		156	73.2	57	26.8		51	63.5	19	36.5
1–2 days a week	169	62.6	101	37.4		129	63.5	74	36.5		40	56.9	27	43.1
Never	40	54.8	33	45.2		29	56.9	22	43.1		11	56.9	11	43.1

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