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Table 4 Analysis of factors associated with Zarit Burden Index (12 items) in univariate logistic regression

From: Profile and needs of primary informal caregivers of older patients in Belgian geriatric day hospitals: a multicentric cross-sectional study

Characteristics

Total group (n = 451; ZBI≥13 = 181)

Adult children (n = 247; ZBI≥13 =102)

Spouses (n = 131; ZBI≥13 =57)

n

OR (95% CI)

p-value

n

OR (95% CI)

p-value

n

OR (95% CI)

p-value

PIC characteristics

 Age

448

0.99 (0.98 - 1.01)

0.741

246

0.99 (0.96 - 1.02)

0.649

131

0.94 (0.89 - 0.99)

0.041

 Gender (F)

449

0.67 (0.44 - 1.04)

0.073

247

0.62 (0.33 - 1.16)

0.133

131

0.53 (0.26 - 1.08)

0.080

 Level of educationa

432

 

0.126

238

 

0.247

123

 

0.363

  Primary school

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

1.00

 

  Secondary school

 

1.74 (0.76 – 3.98)

  

1.38 (0.32 – 5.98)

  

2.23 (0.73 – 6.85)

 

  High school degree

 

1.75 (0.78 – 3.89)

  

1.96 (0.49 – 7.90)

  

1.30 (0.38 – 4.43)

 

  Higher education

 

2.70 (1.19 – 6.12)

  

2.92 (0.71 – 12.02)

  

3.03 (0.86 – 10.72)

 

  University degree

 

1.64 (0.64 – 4.21)

  

1.52 (0.34 – 6.86)

  

1.75 (0.30 – 10.34)

 

 Professional status

444

 

0.247

244

 

0.068

130

 

0.823

  Retired

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

1.00

 

  Active

 

1.53 (0.99 – 2.35)

  

2.25 (1.18 – 4.29)

  

0.67 (0.06 – 7.58)

 

  Not active

 

1.12 (0.67 – 1.89)

  

1.35 (0.63 – 2.92)

  

1.20 (0.45 – 3.20)

 

  Other

 

1.78 (0.43 – 7.35)

  

2.37 (0.31 – 18.07)

  

2.67 (0.23 – 30.33)

 

 Living with the relative

442

1.44 (0.98 - 2.11)

0.064

242

1.78 (0.95 - 3.31)

0.070

129

1.33 (0.37 - 4.80)

0.661

PIC perception of care

 Tasks performed by PIC:

  Toileting

451

0.67 (0.45 - 0.98)

0.041

247

0.57 (0.33 - 0.98)

0.043

131

0.56 (0.28 - 1.14)

0.110

  Bathing

451

0.66 (0.44 - 0.97)

0.037

247

0.63 (0.37 - 1.07)

0.086

131

0.60 (0.30 - 1.20)

0.148

  Dressing

451

1.13 (0.78 - 1.66)

0.516

247

0.90 (0.54 - 1.51)

0.688

131

1.65 (0.82 - 3.32)

0.157

  Preparing meals

447

1.40 (0.95 - 2.06)

0.090

244

1.12 (0.68 - 1.88)

0.644

130

2.09 (0.92 - 4.72)

0.077

  Laundry

451

1.17 (0.78 - 1.74)

0.441

247

1.03 (0.61 - 1.74)

0.914

131

1.89 (0.83 - 4.29)

0.130

  Mandatory transports

450

1.77 (1.04 - 3.04)

0.037

246

1.48 (0.63 - 3.43)

0.366

131

1.89 (0.83 - 4.29)

0.130

  Finance management

451

1.31 (0.82 - 2.10)

0.250

247

0.69 (0.36 - 1.31)

0.254

131

3.83 (1.44 - 10.20)

0.007

  Organization of home help

451

2.06 (1.31 - 3.25)

0.002

247

2.65 (1.36 - 5.16)

0.004

131

1.26 (0.59 - 2.72)

0.552

  Supervision of health care

268

1.92 (1.15 - 3.20)

0.013

170

2.26 (1.16 - 4.43)

0.017

131

0.99 (0.34 - 2.85)

0.976

  PIC education

274

1.71 (0.88 - 3.34)

0.114

173

1.47 (0.59 - 3.67)

0.407

62

1.01 (0.27 - 3.76)

0.983

  The satisfaction to be a caregiver

423

0.61 (0.37 - 1.02)

0.061

228

0.53 (0.27 - 1.03)

0.063

126

0.57 (0.21 - 1.56)

0.275

  The wish to institutionalize the relative

415

3.49 (2.02 - 5.99)

< 0.001

221

3.78 (1.91 - 7.45)

< 0.001

128

2.83 (0.81 - 9.95)

0.104

  Difficulty to take leisure time or vacation

423

8.10 (5.17 – 12.71)

< 0.001

235

5.79 (3.26 - 10.31)

< 0.001

120

11.39 (4.54 - 28.57)

< 0.001

  Need to lower professional time schedule

425

4.42 (2.53 - 7.73)

< 0.001

238

4.56 (2.13 - 9.73)

< 0.001

116

2.79 (1.05 - 7.38)

0.039

  Need to help financially the proxy

439

2.59 (1.44 - 4.66)

0.002

242

2.67 (1.20 - 5.93)

0.016

125

1.06 (0.39 - 2.90)

0.908

  Subjective health status estimation

439

 

< 0.001

239

 

< 0.001

128

 

0.005

   Poorer

 

1.00

  

1.00

  

1.00

 

   As good

 

0.19 (0.11 – 0.32)

  

0.19 (0.10 – 0.39)

  

0.17 (0.05 – 0.61)

 

   Better

 

0.14 (0.06 – 0.30)

  

0.15 (0.05 – 0.43)

  

0.24 (0.09 – 0.65)

 

Care recipients’ characteristics

 Cognitive disorders

434

2.71 (1.08 – 3.86)

< 0.001

240

2.05 (1.08 - 3.86)

0.027

125

1.93 (0.82 – 4.53)

0.132

 Behavioral disorders

433

5.55 (3.34 - 9.22)

< 0.001

243

4.18 (2.20 - 7.92)

< 0.001

121

4.87 (1.86 - 12.75)

0.001

 Mood disorders

433

5.04 (3.32 - 7.67)

< 0.001

241

4.33 (2.50 - 7.51)

< 0.001

121

5.45 (2.46 - 12.04)

< 0.001

 Refusal of help

396

3.38 (2.02 - 5.65)

< 0.001

224

3.25 (1.65 – 6.43)

0.001

110

4.04 (1.44 - 11.32)

0.008

  1. ailliterate omitted (n too small)