Table 2 Logistic regression estimates for violence among older adults by background characteristics in India
From: Socio-economic inequality in the prevalence of violence against older adults – findings from India
Background characteristics | Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|
Age (years) | |
60–69 | Ref. |
70–79 | 0.97(0.78,1.19) |
80+ | 1.49*(1.14,1.93) |
Sex | |
Men | Ref. |
Women | 0.96(0.78,1.19) |
Educational status | |
None | Ref. |
Below 5 years | 1.08(0.89,1.32) |
6 to 10 years | 0.79*(0.63,1) |
11+ years | 0.60*(0.39,0.9) |
Marital status | |
Not in union | Ref. |
Currently in union | 0.79*(0.65,0.95) |
Living arrangement | |
Alone | Ref. |
With spouse | 0.69*(0.48,0.98) |
With children | 0.53*(0.4,0.72) |
Others | 0.44*(0.3,0.66) |
Working status | |
No | Ref. |
Yes | 1.26*(1.02,1.56) |
Contribute money for household expenditure | |
No income | Ref. |
Yes | 0.92(0.74,1.16) |
No | 1.25*(1.05,1.86) |
Wealth quintile | |
Poorest | Ref. |
Poorer | 0.63*(0.5,0.79) |
Middle | 0.43*(0.32,0.58) |
Richer | 0.39*(0.29,0.53) |
Richest | 0.35*(0.24,0.51) |
Religion | |
Hindu | Ref. |
Muslim | 1.08(0.75,1.55) |
Sikh | 1.51*(1.04,2.18) |
Others | 1.09(0.72,1.66) |
Caste | |
Scheduled Caste | Ref. |
Scheduled Tribe | 0.91(0.63,1.32) |
Other Backward Class | 0.96(0.73,1.25) |
Others | 1.37*(1.07,1.75) |
Place of residence | |
Rural | Ref. |
Urban | 0.94(0.78,1.14) |
State | |
Himachal Pradesh | Ref. |
Punjab | 0.82(0.56,1.2) |
West Bengal | 0.50*(0.34,0.72) |
Orissa | 0.56*(0.39,0.82) |
Maharashtra | 3.53*(2.62,4.75) |
Kerala | 0.28*(0.18,0.44) |
Tamil Nadu | 0.13*(0.08,0.22) |