Table 1 Participants characteristics by three FRAIL categories for males and females (N = 113,039)
Males | p value | Females | p value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Healthy | Pre-frail | Frail | Healthy | Pre-frail | Frail | |||
Age group | N (%) | N (%) | ||||||
50–64 years | 12,482 (74.3) | 4026 (24.0) | 298 (1.77) | < 0.001 | 16,179 (68.2) | 6917 (29.2) | 628 (2.65) | < 0.001 |
65–79 years | 18,514 (67.5) | 8081 (29.5) | 847 (3.09) | 17,527 (59.3) | 10,795 (36.5) | 1245 (4.21) | ||
80 years + | 3770 (46.4) | 3638 (44.8) | 719 (8.85) | 2467 (33.5) | 3827 (51.9) | 1074 (14.6) | ||
Country of birth | ||||||||
Australia | 26,397 (66.3) | 11,959 (30.0) | 1452 (3.65) | 0.07 | 28,349 (59.5) | 16,924 (35.5) | 2369 (4.97) | < 0.01 |
Other countries | 8187 (66.9) | 3656 (29.9) | 394 (3.22) | 7664 (60.5) | 4445 (35.1) | 553 (4.37) | ||
Marital status | ||||||||
Married/partner | 28,778 (68.3) | 12,043 (28.6) | 1286 (3.05) | < 0.001 | 25,719 (64.1) | 13,014 (32.5) | 1367 (3.41) | < 0.001 |
Single/divorce/separated | 3951 (61.8) | 2141 (33.5) | 306 (4.78) | 5898 (56.5) | 3912 (37.5) | 637 (6.10) | ||
Widowed | 1604 (50.1) | 1357 (42.3) | 244 (7.61) | 4271 (44.5) | 4426 (46.1) | 907 (9.44) | ||
Education | ||||||||
Low | 6830 (58.6) | 4164 (35.7) | 664 (5.70) | < 0.001 | 12,056 (53.2) | 9049 (39.9) | 1556 (6.87) | < 0.001 |
Medium | 16,369 (66.3) | 7404 (30.0) | 905 (3.67) | 13,602 (61.0) | 7704 (34.6) | 981 (4.40) | ||
High | 11,205 (72.6) | 3976 (25.8) | 262 (1.70) | 10,221 (67.6) | 4537 (30.0) | 352 (2.33) | ||
SEIFAa | ||||||||
Low | 10,119 (61.5) | 5493 (33.4) | 856 (5.20) | < 0.001 | 11,030 (54.3) | 7870 (38.8) | 1411 (6.95) | < 0.001 |
Medium | 10,944 (66.7) | 4896 (29.9) | 559 (3.41) | 11,383 (60.1) | 6702 (35.4) | 843 (4.45) | ||
High | 11,693 (70.8) | 4461 (27.0) | 365 (2.21) | 11,731 (65.0) | 5783 (32.0) | 545 (3.02) | ||
Dietary risk scores | ||||||||
Lower than mean | 11,369 (65.4) | 5333 (30.7) | 671 (3.86) | 0.001 | 16,082 (60.1) | 9476 (35.4) | 1192 (4.46) | < 0.001 |
Higher than mean | 23,397 (66.8) | 10,412 (29.8) | 1193 (3.41) | 20,091 (59.2) | 12,067 (35.6) | 1756 (5.18) | ||
Alcohol consumption | ||||||||
No | 6849 (57.1) | 4397 (36.7) | 749 (6.24) | < 0.001 | 12,157 (50.9) | 9908 (41.5) | 1828 (7.7) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 27,318 (69.4) | 10,980 (27.9) | 1056 (2.68) | 23,215 (66.1) | 10,927 (31.1) | 971 (2.77) | ||
Cardiovascular disease | ||||||||
No | 25,435 (71.9) | 9236 (26.1) | 694 (1.96) | < 0.001 | 30,458 (64.7) | 15,267 (32.4) | 1382 (2.93) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 9331 (54.9) | 6509 (38.3) | 1170 (6.88) | 5715 (42.2) | 6276 (46.3) | 1566 (11.6) | ||
Diabetes | ||||||||
No | 30,806 (69.1) | 12,533 (28.1) | 1270 (2.85) | < 0.001 | 34,056 (61.8) | 18,813 (34.1) | 2250 (4.08) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 3428 (48.9) | 3003 (42.8) | 582 (8.30) | 1976 (37.2) | 2653 (49.9) | 689 (13.0) | ||