Perceived walking difficulties in Parkinson’s disease – predictors and changes over time

BMC Geriatrics

Table 3 Multivariable linear regression analyses with Walk-12G at 3-year follow-up as the dependent variable: Model I (controlled for age at baseline), n = 144

Independent variables (assessed at baseline)^a	B (95% CI)	P-value	β
Concerns about falling (FES-I)	0.461 (0.325, 0.597)	< 0.001	0.445
Dual task: perceived balance problems (yes = 1)	6.55 (3.61, 9.49)	< 0.001	0.268
Bothered by pain (yes = 1)	3.79 (1.08, 6.50)	0.006	0.153
Postural instability (item 30, UPDRS III, scores ≥1, yes = 1)	2.66 (− 0.316, 5.64)	0.079	0.096
Global cognitive functioning (MoCA)	−0.374 (− 0.815, 0.066)	0.095	− 0.095
Age	0.192 (0.037, 0.346)	0.015	0.144
	R² 63.0%; Adjusted R² 61.4%

Walk-12G = Generic Walk-12 (0–42, higher = worse); B = unstandardized regression coefficient; β = standardized regression coefficient; FES-I Falls Efficacy Scale-International (16–64, higher = worse), UPDRS III Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, motor examination (item scores 0–4, higher = worse; those who scored ≥1 on item 30 were classified as having postural instability), MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment (0–30, higher = better)
^aThe following 13 independent variables were included in the initial model: sex; concerns about falling; perceived balance problems while dual tasking; postural instability; bradykinesia; freezing of gait; lower extremity function; orthostatism; pain; cognitive functioning; fatigue; general self-efficacy; depressive symptoms
P-values below 0.05 are bolded
Controlling factors are written in italic

ISSN: 1471-2318