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Table 3 Change scores pre/post intervention in outcome measures in the HFG, LFG and overall cohort with confidence intervals (CI)

From: Secondary analysis of change in physical function after exercise intervention in older adults with hyperkyphosis and low physical function

 

Low -Function group (LFG)

High-Function group (HFG)

LFG vs HFG*

Entire cohort

Mean difference (95% CI)

Mean difference (95% CI)

p-value

Mean (95% CI)

Physical Function

 Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (0–12 points)

0.62a (− 0.20 to 1.44)

− 0.04 (− 0.28 to 0.19)

0.020

0.13 (− 0.14 to 0.40)

 4-m gait speed (m/s)

0.04a (− 0.02 to 0.1)

−0.01 (− 0.06 to 0.04)

0.406

0 (− 0.04 to 0.04)

 Modified PPT (0–36 points)

−0.29 (− 2.7 to 2.1)

−1.3 (− 3.0 to 0.3)

0.166

−1.1 (− 2.4 to 0.3)

 Time up and go (seconds)

−0.2 (− 0.6 to 0.3)

0.04 (− 0.2 to 0.3)

0.370

−0.01 (− 0.2 to 02)

 6 Minute walking test (meters)

1.8 (− 14.0 to 17.6)

8.8 (− 4.6 to 22.1)

0.265

7.0 (−3.6 to 17.6)

 PROMIS Physical Function t-score (0–100 points)

0.91 (− 5.5 to 2.3)

2.0 (0.5 to 3.5)

0.353

1.7 (0.5 to 2.9)

Health-related Quality of Life

 SRS 30 Self-image (0–5 pts)

0.19 (0.02 to 0.4)

0.24 (0.1 to 0.3)

0.473

0.23 (0.1 to 0.3)

 PROMIS Global Health Scale (0–100 points)

1.0 (− 0.8 to 2.8)

0.3 (− 0.5 to 1.1)

0.820

0.5 (− 0.2 to 1.2)

 PROMIS Global Health scale, Mental Health t-score (0–100 points)

1.19 (− 0.8 to 3.2)

0.3 (− 0.9 to 1.5)

0.536

0.52 (− 0.5 to 1.6)

 PROMIS Global Health scale, Physical Health t-score (0–100 points)

1.8 (− 0.3 to 3.9)

0.6 (− 0.5 to 1.8)

0.194

0.9 (− 0.06 to 1.9)

 PASE activity (0–793) points

6.3 (− 14.0 to 26.6)

1.7 (− 8.2 to 11.6)

0.928

2.9 (− 5.9 to 11.7)

 Pain Score 0–10 from PROMIS Global Health scale (0–10 points)

− 0.2 (− 0.9 to 0.5)

−0.3 (− 0.6 to 0.06)

0.54

−0.26 (− 0. 5 to 0.03)

Spinal Strength

 Spinal Flexion (percent peak torque/bodyweight)

−0.09 (− 3.4 to 3.2)

1.5 (− 0.1 to 3.2)

0.515

1.12 (− 0.4 to 2.6)

 Spinal extensor (percent peak torque/bodyweight)

−6.8 (− 16.1 to 2.6)

6.0 (1.0 to 11.0)

0.018

2.7 (− 1.8 to 7.2)

 Time loaded standing (seconds)

−8.8 (− 23.3 to 5.7)

5.2 (− 1.6 to 12)

0.080

1.6 (− 4.7 to 7.8)

Spinal Curvature

 Cobb Angle (degrees)

−0.6 (− 2.0 to 0.9)

− 1.6 (− 2.7 to − 0.4)

0.390

− 1.3 (− 2.2 to − 0.4)

 Kyphosis (degrees)

−3.1a (− 5.2 to − 0.9)

−3.7a (− 5.0 to − 2.4)

0.409

−3.5 (− 4.6 to − 2.4)

 Lordosis (degrees)

0.4 (−2.0 to 2.9)

− 1.5 (− 3.0 to 0.03)

0.229

−1.0 (− 2.3 to 0.3)

  1. CI confidence interval, Modified PPT Physical Performance Test, SRS Scoliosis Research Society, PASE Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, HFG high functioning group, LFG low functioning group
  2. adenotes change scores surpassing minimum clinical change estimates (SPPB .03 to .08 points and gait speed .03 to .06 m/s and kyphosis Minimum Detectable Change 2.51 degrees) [18, 45, 46]
  3. *p values for comparison between LFG and HFG
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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