Table 1 Study participant characteristics at baseline in the HFG and LFG
Variable | Category | Low Function Group (LFG) n = 26 | High Function Group (HFG) n = 75 | LFG vs. HFG* | Entire Cohort n = 101 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%), mean ± SD | N (%), mean ± SD | p-value | N (%), mean ± SD | ||
Age (years) |  | 72.4 ± 6.6 | 68.8 ± 5.2 | 0.005 | 69.7 ± 5.7 |
Gender | Female | 12 (46) | 48 (64) | 0.110 | 60 (59) |
Vertebral Fracture | none | 22 (85) | 65 (87) | 0.741 | 87 (86) |
1 | 2 (8) | 7 (9) | Â | 9 (9) | |
2 | 2 (8) | 3 (4) | Â | 5 (4.95) | |
Diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis (DISH) present (yes) | Â | 7 (28) | 15 (21) | 0.461 | 22 (23) |
Body Mass Index(kilograms/meter2) |  | 27.7 ± 3.9 | 25.7 ± 4.1 | 0.037 | 26.2 ± 4.1 |
Bone mineral density total hip t-score |  | −0.5 ± 1.3 | −0.9 ± 1 | 0.074 | −0.85 ± 1.1 |
Bone mineral density total spine t-score |  | 0.7 ± 2.8 | −0.5 ± 1.8 | 0.064 | −0.2 ± 2.2 |
Race | Caucasian | 25 (96) | 69 (92) | 0.472 | 94 (93) |
Education | High school, some College | 2 (8) | 11 (15) | 0.360 | 13 (13) |
College, professional degree | 24 (92) | 64 (85) | 0.360 | 88 (87) | |
Pain Score from PROMIS scale 1.0-Global health, 0–10 (points) |  | 3.3 ± 2.7 | 2 ± 1.7 | 0.060 | 2.3 ± 2.1 |
Self-rated health from PROMIS scale 1.0-Global Health | Fair | 5 (19) | 3 (4) | 0.006 | 8 (9) |
Good | 12 (46) | 19 (25) | Â | 31 (31) | |
Very Good | 7 (27) | 41 (55) | Â | 48 (48) | |
Excellent | 2 (8) | 12 (16) | Â | 14 (14) | |
Co-morbidities | 2 or more | 10 (38) | 30 (40) | 0.890 | 40 (40) |