Table 4 Logistic Regression Model for Happiness Comparing Three Living Arrangements of Older Adults

Gender

1.39

1.08–1.78

1.06

0.92–1.22

1.39

1.16–1.66

Age

1.01

1.00–1.03

1.02

1.01–1.03

1.02

1.01–1.03

 None

0.64

0.41–1.00

0.62

0.45–0.87

0.46

0.33–0.65

 Elementary

0.85

0.57–1.26

0.63

0.50–0.80

0.57

0.43–0.77

 Middle

0.63

0.42–0.95

0.55

0.44–0.70

0.61

0.45–0.82

 High

0.72

0.48–1.09

0.73

0.58–0.92

0.61

0.45–0.82

 College or higher

referent

referent

referent

 Married

0.90

0.47–1.75

1.64

0.08–31.79

0.48

0.19–1.22

 Divorced

1.05

0.59–1.87

0.91

0.04–21.87

0.29

0.11–0.78

 Widowed

1.18

0.68–2.07

1.00

0.04–24.11

0.50

0.19–1.28

 Never married

referent

referent

referent

 Employment status

0.74

0.59–0.92

0.90

0.78–1.04

0.95

0.80–1.13

 Yes

0.68

0.53–0.88

1.00

0.74–1.34

0.83

0.61–1.13

 In the past

0.82

0.40–1.68

1.23

0.51–2.93

0.88

0.50–1.56

 No

referent

referent

referent

  < 50

0.48

0.32–0.72

0.37

0.28–0.47

0.53

0.36–0.78

 50–99

0.77

0.52–1.14

0.56

0.46–0.67

0.63

0.51–0.79

 100–199

0.81

0.53–1.24

0.64

0.54–0.76

0.69

0.58–0.82

  ≥ 200

referent

referent

referent

 Depressive symptoms

0.87

0.85–0.90

0.87

0.85–0.89

0.87

0.85–0.89

 Present health status

1.21

1.15–1.28

1.26

1.21–1.31

1.23

1.18–1.29

 Trust in neighbors

1.45

1.16–1.82

1.32

1.13–1.54

1.19

1.01–1.42

 Help from neighbors

0.88

0.71–1.09

1.10

0.95–1.27

1.11

0.95–1.31

 Neighborhood safety level

1.24

0.96–1.60

1.04

0.87–1.26

0.94

0.77–1.16

 Natural environment

1.05

0.83–1.34

1.02

0.86–1.20

1.32

1.09–1.59

 Life environment

1.01

0.76–1.36

1.14

0.93–1.41

1.23

0.97–1.56

 Condition of public transportation

1.01

0.77–1.32

1.24

1.03–1.50

1.22

0.97–1.53

 Condition of medical facilities

1.16

0.88–1.53

1.04

0.85–1.27

0.92

0.73–1.16

 Less than once a month

0.92

0.70–1.21

0.99

0.81–1.22

0.80

0.65–0.99

 Once a month

0.70

0.51–0.95

0.84

0.68–1.02

0.97

0.77–1.22

 2–3 times a month

0.87

0.64–1.18

1.07

0.87–1.31

0.92

0.73–1.15

 Once a week

0.79

0.60–1.05

1.17

0.97–1.42

1.06

0.83–1.35

 2–3 times a week

0.75

0.57–0.99

1.03

0.84–1.25

0.97

0.77–1.24

  ≥ 4 times a week

referent

referent

referent

 Less than once a month

0.90

0.70–1.15

0.83

0.69–0.99

1.04

0.86–1.27

 Once a month

0.93

0.62–1.38

0.81

0.63–1.05

1.35

1.00–1.83

 2–3 times a month

1.38

0.89–2.13

1.13

0.86–1.48

1.62

1.18–2.22

 Once a week

0.62

0.42–0.93

0.88

0.68–1.12

0.85

0.65–1.12

 2–3 times a week

1.01

0.76–1.34

1.12

0.91–1.37

1.07

0.85–1.35

  ≥ 4 times a week

referent

referent

referent

 Less than once a month

0.81

0.63–1.04

0.84

0.69–1.02

0.90

0.73–1.12

 Once a month

0.93

0.68–1.26

0.69

0.56–0.84

0.91

0.72–1.15

 2–3 times a month

0.90

0.64–1.27

0.80

0.64–1.01

1.10

0.85–1.41

 Once a week

1.18

0.83–1.69

0.81

0.63–1.04

1.32

0.99–1.75

 2–3 times a week

1.44

1.05–1.96

0.92

0.73–1.15

1.19

0.92–1.54

  ≥ 4 times a week

referent

referent

referent

 Religious activities

1.49

1.24–1.79

1.22

1.07–1.40

1.31

1.13–1.51

 Belonging to communities

1.25

1.03–1.52

1.20

1.05–1.39

1.08

0.92–1.27

 Leisure activities

1.38

1.05–1.80

1.47

1.24–1.75

1.37

1.12–1.68

 Charity activities

1.08

0.70–1.67

1.22

0.91–1.62

1.20

0.86–1.68

 Constant

0.04

0.02

0.03