Table 3 Factors associated with frailty from the mixed-effects Poisson regression model
| Â | OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
Intercept | 0.298 | (0.223, 0.398) |
Age | 1.016 | (1.012, 1.020) |
BMI | ||
  > =28 | 0.897 | (0.856, 0.940) |
 24–27.9 | 0.931 | (0.874, 0.991) |
  < 18.5 | 1.248 | (1.171, 1.330) |
 18.5–23.9 | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Gender | ||
 Female | 1.058 | (1.004, 1.115) |
 Male | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Ethnicity | ||
 Other | 1.152 | (1.073, 1.236) |
 Han | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Education | ||
 Diploma and above | 0.891 | (0.821, 0.966) |
 Middle school | 0.915 | (0.857, 0.977) |
 Primary school | 0.946 | (0.893, 1.002) |
 Illiteracy | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Marital status | ||
 Divorced or widowed | 0.988 | (0.933, 1.046) |
 Married | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Admission to hospital | ||
 Emergency department | 1.104 | (1.030, 1.184) |
 Transit from other hospital | 1.159 | (1.049, 1.279) |
 Other | 1.118 | (0.843, 1.483) |
 Outpatient department | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Living conditions | ||
 Bungalow | 1.055 | (0.995, 1.119) |
 Building without elevators | 0.965 | (0.923, 1.010) |
 Building with elevators | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Smoking | ||
 Current smoker | 0.989 | (0.923, 1.059) |
 Former smoker | 1.016 | (0.961, 1.074) |
 Non-smoker | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Drinking history | ||
 Current drinker | 0.869 | (0.815, 0.927) |
 Former drinker | 1.094 | (1.022, 1.171) |
 Non-drinker | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Fall history in last 12 months | ||
 Yes | 1.257 | (1.194, 1.323) |
 No | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Vision | ||
 Dysfunction | 1.144 | (1.080, 1.211) |
 Normal | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Hearing | ||
 Dysfunction | 1.047 | (0.991, 1.106) |
 Normal | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Cognition impairment | ||
 Yes | 1.182 | (1.130, 1.237) |
 No | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Sleeping | ||
 Dysfunction | 1.266 | (1.215, 1.318) |
 Normal | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Urinary function | ||
 Dysfunction | 1.175 | (1.104, 1.251) |
 Normal | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |
Defecation function | ||
 Dysfunction | 1.286 | (1.217, 1.358) |
 Normal | 1.0 (Ref.) |  |