Table 1 Demographic and clinical data of patients without and with delirium
Variables | Total (n = 249) | No delirium (n = 220; 88.4%) | Delirium (n = 29; 11.6%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 75.1 ± 7.9 | 74.4 ± 6.9 | 80.7 ± 6.6 | < 0.001 |
Age ≥ 75 years, n (%) | 125 (50.2) | 102 (46.4) | 23 (79.3) | 0.001 |
Female gender, n (%) | 154 (61.8) | 137 (62.3) | 17 (58.6) | 0.839 |
ASA physical status, n (%) | 0.545 | |||
II | 152 (61.0) | 136 (61.8) | 16 (52.5) | |
III | 97 (39.0) | 84 (38.2) | 13 (44.8) | |
Barthel Index scores ≤ 70, n (%) | 51 (20.5) | 38 (17.3) | 13 (44.8) | 0.001 |
Alcohol ≥ 2 drinks daily, n (%) | 83 (33.3) | 73 (33.2) | 10 (34.5) | 1.000 |
Smoking ≥ 30 pack year, n (%) | 68 (27.3) | 61 (27.7) | 7 (24.1) | 0.826 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 84 (33.7) | 78 (35.5) | 6 (20.7) | 0.144 |
Hypertension | 184 (73.9) | 165 (75.0) | 19 (65.5) | 0.368 |
Heart disease | 43 (17.3) | 36 (16.4) | 7 (24.1) | 0.433 |
Stroke or TIA | 13 (5.2) | 12 (5.5) | 1 (3.4) | 1.000 |
ESRD or CKD | 54 (21.7) | 48 (21.8) | 6 (20.7) | 1.000 |
Cirrhosis | 5 (2.0) | 5 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
Cancer | 55 (22.1) | 45 (20.5) | 10 (34.5) | 0.098 |
Dementia | 42 (16.9) | 26 (11.8) | 16 (55.2) | < 0.001 |
Preoperative infection | 24 (9.6) | 18 (8.2) | 6 (20.7) | 0.044 |
Preoperative medications, n (%) | ||||
Opioids | 36 (14.5) | 25 (11.4) | 11 (37.9) | 0.001 |
Benzodiazepines | 37 (14.9) | 28 (12.7) | 9 (31.0) | 0.022 |
Psychotropics | 14 (5.6) | 11 (5.0) | 3 (10.33) | 0.214 |
Anticonvulsants | 19 (7.6) | 14 (6.4) | 5 (16.1) | 0.054 |
Statins | 136 (54.6) | 124 (56.4) | 12 (41.4) | 0.165 |