Table 3 Effect of videoconferencing intervention on feelings of loneliness, depressive symptoms, and quality of life at 1-, 3-, and 6-months (control group compared to baseline)

−3.41

0.79

18.48

< 0.001

−3.09

0.75

16.84

< .001

−5.96

1.44

17.24

< 0.001

−5.61

1.42

15.58

< .001

−7.50

1.84

16.70

< 0.001

−7.41

1.67

19.78

< .001

−0.68

0.62

1.19

0.28

−0.47

0.63

0.57

0.45

−0.94

0.90

1.09

0.30

−0.73

0.90

0.65

0.42

−1.55

1.37

1.27

0.26

−1.52

1.28

1.41

0.24

−0.21

0.79

0.07

0.79

−0.15

0.83

0.03

0.86

−0.77

1.48

0.27

0.60

−0.74

1.54

0.23

0.63

−1.89

1.73

1.20

0.27

−1.89

1.74

1.17

0.28

−1.94

7.67

0.06

0.80

−2.06

7.81

0.07

0.79

13.30

9.20

2.09

0.15

12.91

9.32

1.92

0.17

36.49

13.09

7.78

0.01

35.47

13.08

7.36

0.007

1.00

7.53

0.02

0.89

0.72

7.71

0.01

0.93

−1.28

8.47

0.02

0.88

−1.65

8.60

0.04

0.85

2.21

8.35

0.07

0.79

1.63

8.46

0.04

0.85

3.57

3.19

1.26

0.26

3.02

3.17

0.91

0.34

10.89

4.92

4.91

0.03

10.13

4.98

4.14

0.04

21.79

6.35

11.79

0.001

21.16

6.33

11.19

0.001

4.62

4.05

1.30

0.26

4.39

4.10

1.15

0.28

10.83

6.19

3.06

0.08

10.49

6.24

2.83

0.09

16.71

6.14

7.40

0.01

16.42

6.10

7.24

0.007

2.30

2.38

0.94

0.33

2.05

2.35

0.76

0.39

5.20

2.72

3.66

0.06

4.91

2.69

3.33

0.07

13.11

3.72

12.41

< .001

12.97

3.67

12.48

< .001

1.54

2.10

0.53

0.47

0.86

2.13

0.16

0.69

8.03

2.78

8.34

0.00

7.46

2.74

7.40

0.007

7.07

4.33

2.66

0.10

7.12

4.08

3.05

0.08

3.40

2.28

2.22

0.14

3.08

2.26

1.85

0.17

7.89

2.89

7.43

0.01

7.52

2.88

6.83

0.009

6.67

2.92

5.21

0.02

6.54

2.85

5.25

0.02