Table 2 Participants’ socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and hearing loss prevalence in England in 8 Waves of English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)
GORa | Hearing lossb | Lowest educationc | Manual Occupationd | Lowest Incomee | Lowest wealthf | Most deprivedg | Alcohol misuseh | Hearing loss | Lowest education | Manual Occupation | Lowest Income | Lowest wealth | Most deprived | Alcohol misuse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WAVE 1 (2002–2003) | WAVE 2 (2004–2005) | |||||||||||||
North East | 325 (42.54) | 362 (46.89) | 404 (53.02) | 169 (23.06) | 169 (23.87) | 261 (33.76) | 74 (9.92) | 254 (43.34) | 249 (42.35) | 320 (54.89) | 125 (22.52) | 148 (26.31) | 191 (32.21) | 96 (29.91) |
North West | 603 (38.78) | 699 (44.38) | 744 (48.00) | 296 (20.05) | 296 (20.60) | 441 (27.96) | 179 (11.94) | 432 (36.86) | 486 (40.77) | 550 (46.61) | 233 (20.77) | 231 (19.52) | 298 (24.98) | 233 (34.88) |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 549 (43.06) | 596 (46.09) | 662 (52.21) | 280 (23.12) | 280 (23.31) | 323 (24.96) | 131 (10.62) | 401 (40.46) | 431 (43.01) | 501 (50.86) | 226 (24.04) | 183 (22.13) | 236 (23.51) | 175 (30.92) |
East Midlands | 449 (39.18) | 493 (42.25) | 552 (47.83) | 205 (19.21) | 205 (19.18) | 158 (13.53) | 122 (10.99) | 335 (35.52) | 396 (41.42) | 447 (47.25) | 161 (18.34) | 175 (19.70) | 115 (12.02) | 182 (33.46) |
West Midlands | 452 (36.78) | 633 (50.28) | 604 (48.99) | 261 (22.19) | 261 (22.48) | 201 (15.97) | 130 (10.75) | 375 (38.82) | 456 (47.06) | 458 (48.06) | 181 (19.93) | 189 (18.83) | 145 (14.87) | 168 (31.88) |
East of England | 507 (37.50) | 540 (39.82) | 539 (40.50) | 204 (16.16) | 204 (16.20) | 57 (4.20) | 101 (7.77) | 400 (37.00) | 398 (36.58) | 427 (39.61) | 143 (14.19) | 137 (17.36) | 48 (4.38) | 224 (34.46) |
London | 385 (34.16) | 488 (42.69) | 445 (40.83) | 255 (24.36) | 255 (23.94) | 237 (20.72) | 109 (10.01) | 292 (35.39) | 328 (39.38) | 326 (40.70) | 162 (21.15) | 189 (16.97) | 163 (19.54) | 133 (33.84) |
South East | 681 (36.13) | 651 (34.05) | 703 (37.45) | 261 (14.61) | 261 (14.76) | 66 (3.45) | 215 (11.67) | 513 (35.19) | 449 (30.61) | 513 (35.33) | 224 (16.40) | 198 (19.18) | 46 (3.12) | 370 (40.31) |
South West | 510 (38.37) | 483 (35.99) | 556 (42.54) | 227 (18.17) | 227 (17.57) | 64 (4.77) | 100 (7.82) | 420 (39.77) | 352 (33.08) | 426 (40.69) | 186 (18.49) | 154 (16.20) | 40 (3.75) | 213 (34.80) |
WAVE 3 (2006–2007) | WAVE 4 (2008–2009) | |||||||||||||
North East | 284 (47.81) | 218 (36.33) | 323 (54.56) | 117 (21.35) | 146 (26.64) | 204 (33.72) | 84 (26.33) | 296 (47.21) | 225 (34.72) | 334 (53.27) | 114 (19.29) | 143 (24.20) | 196 (30.02) | 117 (35.03) |
North West | 458 (40.39) | 341 (29.45) | 505 (43.95) | 209 (20.29) | 236 (22.91) | 299 (25.75) | 198 (31.94) | 511 (40.36) | 379 (29.04) | 520 (41.63) | 217 (18.63) | 243 (20.86) | 288 (21.85) | 262 (39.70) |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 452 (42.68) | 372 (34.35) | 518 (48.82) | 225 (23.20) | 186 (19.18) | 238 (21.90) | 183 (30.86) | 491 (44.60) | 351 (30.76) | 519 (47.18) | 224 (21.66) | 207 (20.02) | 223 (19.44) | 207 (34.56) |
East Midlands | 368 (37.98) | 321 (32.59) | 434 (44.60) | 193 (22.29) | 175 (20.21) | 116 (11.72) | 163 (31.05) | 434 (40.49) | 357 (32.19) | 475 (44.35) | 218 (22.13) | 172 (17.46) | 109 (9.74) | 199 (32.52) |
West Midlands | 392 (39.68) | 363 (36.23) | 451 (46.02) | 168 (18.79) | 182 (20.36) | 141 (14.03) | 170 (31.89) | 461 (41.31) | 405 (35.31) | 502 (45.43) | 204 (19.84) | 199 (19.36) | 188 (16.33) | 219 (36.44) |
East of England | 461 (40.33) | 329 (28.41) | 447 (39.01) | 173 (17.06) | 144 (14.20) | 49 (4.20) | 200 (30.86) | 530 (41.15) | 374 (28.55) | 464 (36.65) | 197 (17.00) | 166 (14.32) | 62 (4.69) | 241 (32.66) |
London | 348 (40.65) | 267 (30.76) | 319 (37.71) | 157 (20.55) | 175 (22.91) | 152 (17.41) | 152 (36.54) | 348 (38.71) | 266 (28.94) | 315 (36.04) | 171 (20.90) | 201 24.57) | 184 (19.78) | 159 (35.49) |
South East | 534 (35.77) | 348 (22.77) | 512 (33.84) | 209 (15.61) | 202 (15.09) | 50 (3.26) | 364 (40.00) | 669 (38.45) | 399 (22.37) | 595 (34.33) | 227 (14.39) | 199 (12.62) | 81 (4.51) | 396 (37.71) |
South West | 453 (43.06) | 267 (25.24) | 401(38.26) | 163 (17.23) | 129 (13.64) | 33 (3.09) | 217 (36.35) | 501 (43.00) | 283 (23.86) | 406 (35.09) | 180 (16.73) | 148 (13.75) | 44 (3.66) | 257 (37.63) |
WAVE 5 (2010–2011) | WAVE 6 (2012–2013) | |||||||||||||
North East | 295 (51.85) | 196 (33.73) | 287 (49.91) | 99 (18.50) | 146 (27.29) | 155 (26.27) | 116 (38.16) | 249 (50.00) | 172 (33.46) | 239 (46.59) | 90 (19.11) | 95 (20.17) | 142 (27.26) | 104 (37.96) |
North West | 481 (42.68) | 317 (27.26) | 455 (39.16) | 187 (17.76) | 229 (21.75) | 236 (19.92) | 249 (36.89) | 471 (46.96) | 288 (27.32) | 397 (37.59) | 171 (18.08) | 162 (17.12) | 215 (20.11) | 212 (38.69) |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 457 (45.11) | 330 (31.88) | 491 (48.18) | 195 (20.81) | 193 (20.60) | 197 (18.87) | 195 (34.64) | 453 (48.81) | 288 (30.16) | 440 (46.17) | 204 (23.53) | 149 (17.19) | 175 (18.08) | 165 (34.74) |
East Midlands | 399 (39.66) | 331 (31.95) | 457 (44.59) | 226 (24.25) | 172 (18.45) | 99 (9.37) | 163 (30.47) | 391 (41.68) | 296 (30.58) | 410 (42.05) | 199 (22.85) | 128 (14.70) | 101 (10.24) | 163 (33.33 |
West Midlands | 413 (40.73) | 357 (33.81) | 450 (42.98) | 214 (22.62) | 186 (19.66) | 162 (15.14) | 216 (38.43) | 399 (42.95) | 322 (33.23) | 404 (41.87) | 188 (21.58) | 149 (17.11) | 150 (15.34) | 166 (33.07) |
East of England | 503 (42.20) | 357 (29.24) | 456 (37.72) | 186 (16.80) | 147 (13.28) | 61 (4.92) | 236 (33.86) | 514 (46.77) | 303 (26.81) | 401 (35.55) | 169 (16.41) | 125 (12.14) | 57 (4.98) | 212 (33.76) |
London | 333 (40.71) | 230 (27.19) | 290 (35.32) | 153 (20.35) | 199 (26.46) | 156 (18.22) | 162 (40.30) | 302 (41.26) | 200 (26.42) | 253 (33.91) | 145 (21.17) | 148 (21.61) | 136 (17.66) | 126 (34.81) |
South East | 615 (39.55) | 336 (21.07) | 543 (34.24) | 220 (15.51) | 185 (13.05) | 76 (4.69) | 367 (38.23) | 639 (44.53) | 297 (20.14) | 473 (31.89) | 188 (14.37) | 127 (9.71) | 70 (4.67) | 337 (37.40) |
South West | 469 (42.95) | 249 (22.11) | 380 (34.08) | 188 (18.29) | 162 (15.76) | 40 (3.49) | 220 (33.79) | 489 (48.71) | 225 (21.66) | 377 (36.04) | 166 (17.44) | 113 (11.87) | 40 (3.78) | 200 (34.90) |
WAVE 7 (2014–2015) | WAVE 8 (2016–2017) | |||||||||||||
North East | 212 (50.12) | 141 (31.76) | 204 (46.05) | 77 (19.40) | 75 (18.89) | 575 (39.12) | 78 (32.64) | 202 (53.72) | 114 (29.16) | 196 (50.26) | 91 (24.73) | 42 (11.41) | 97 (24.37) | 69 (33.82) |
North West | 378 (43.15) | 233 (25.46) | 324 (35.41) | 157 (19.12) | 114 (13.89) | 860 (32.72) | 190 (39.09) | 370 (48.49) | 190 (24.11) | 289 (36.72) | 138 (19.49) | 141 (19.92) | 151 (18.90) | 172 (41.15) |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 360 (46.51) | 234 (29.32) | 361 (45.35) | 156 (21.64) | 120 (16.64) | 715 (30.59) | 126 (30.88) | 339 (48.36) | 209 (29.11) | 354 (49.65) | 151 (23.20) | 95 (14.59) | 140 (19.10) | 108 (30.34) |
East Midlands | 351 (42.39) | 242 (28.40) | 350 (40.89) | 168 (21.73) | 119 (15.39) | 440 (19.29) | 154 (34.00) | 351 (47.56) | 205 (27.22) | 306 (40.53) | 155 (22.33) | 126 (18.16) | 78 (10.14) | 118 (31.13) |
West Midlands | 359 (44.65) | 262 (30.82) | 350 (41.22) | 173 (22.97) | 102 (13.55) | 670 (27.66) | 142 (33.81) | 340 (48.02) | 209 (28.21) | 309 (41.59) | 147 (22.24) | 106 (16.04) | 112 (14.85) | 130 (33.94) |
East of England | 417 (42.55) | 257 (25.42) | 343 (33.93) | 134 (14.66) | 84 (9.19) | 250 (10.92) | 180 (33.27) | 423 (47.37) | 216 (23.89) | 321 (35.51) | 127 (15.19) | 201 (24.04) | 52 (5.61) | 174 (34.05) |
London | 258 (40.12) | 170 (25.41) | 215 (32.98) | 112 (19.15) | 118 (20.17) | 575 (27.43) | 103 (34.56) | 249 (46.03) | 134 (24.06) | 183 (33.33) | 98 (19.41) | 113 (22.38) | 79 (13.88) | 86 (33.20) |
South East | 537 (42.96) | 242 (18.63) | 411 (31.62) | 177 (15.43) | 112 (9.76) | 275 (10.00) | 259 (34.35) | 508 (46.35) | 198 (17.66) | 356 (31.62) | 181 (17.73) | 299 (29.29) | 46 (4.02) | 221 (34.05) |
South West | 413 (46.67) | 178 (19.22) | 326 (35.09) | 138 (16.51) | 84 (10.05) | 160 (6.88) | 165 (33.60) | 399 (52.02) | 141 (18.08) | 254 (32.52) | 139 (19.39) | 201 (28.03) | 43 (5.38) | 146 (34.11) |