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Table 1 Patient characteristics on admission

From: Delirium is associated with high mortality in older adult patients with acute decompensated heart failure

 

Overall

n = 132

Delirium (−)

n = 96

Delirium (+)

n = 36

P-value

Age (years)

83 (75–87)

82 (75–86)

85 (83–91)

< 0.001

Men

68 (51.5)

49 (51.0)

19 (52.8)

0.859

Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.3 (19.7–24.7)

22.3 (19.9–25.0)

22.0 (18.8–24.1)

0.284

Hypertension

101 (76.5)

71 (74.0)

30 (83.3)

0.258

Diabetes mellitus

49 (37.4)

36 (37.5)

13 (37.1)

0.970

Dyslipidemia

68 (51.5)

51 (53.1)

17 (47.2)

0.546

Smoking

50 (37.9)

38 (39.6)

12 (33.3)

0.510

Previous cerebral infarction

19 (14.4)

9 (9.4)

10 (27.8)

0.007

Dementia

36 (27.3)

16 (16.7)

20 (55.6)

< 0.001

Clinical frailty scale score

4 (3–5)

3 (3–4)

5 (4–6)

< 0.001

Underlying heart disease

 Ischemic heart disease

24 (18.2)

17 (17.7)

7 (19.4)

0.818

 Severe valvular disease

37 (28.0)

29 (30.2)

8 (22.2)

0.363

 Dilated cardiomyopathy

18 (13.6)

13 (13.5)

5 (13.9)

0.959

Hemodynamic data

 Systolic BP (mmHg)

138 (120–154)

138 (119–157)

139 (126–153)

0.986

 HR (beats per minute)

78 (60–94)

74 (60–90)

90 (74–100)

0.036

Clinical profile of heart failure

 Warm–dry

24 (18.2)

20 (20.8)

4 (11.1)

0.197

 Warm–wet

97 (73.5)

68 (70.8)

29 (80.6)

0.260

 Cold–dry

1 (0.8)

0 (0.0)

1 (2.8)

0.273

 Cold–wet

10 (7.6)

8 (8.3)

2 (5.6)

0.727

Medication

 Beta–blocker

50 (37.9)

38 (39.6)

12 (33.3)

0.510

 ACEI or ARB

71 (53.8)

55 (57.3)

16 (44.4)

0.187

 Diuretics

78 (59.1)

57 (59.4)

21 (58.3)

0.914

Laboratory data

 PaO2 (mmHg)

78.8 (59.6–96.8)

78.7 (61.2–96.8)

79.1 (55.0–95.5)

0.918

 PaCO2 (mmHg)

34.5 (30.5–39.8)

34.1 (30.9–39.3)

35.2 (29.3–40.1)

0.949

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

48.3 (27.8–64.3)

47.4 (28.6–66.9)

49.9 (25.3–57.0)

0.409

 BNP level (pg/mL)

601 (331–1264)

513 (274–1105)

896 (560–1788)

0.002

Echocardiography

 LVEF (%)

48 (31–60)

50 (33–61)

41 (30–58)

0.395

  1. Continuous variables are given as medians and interquartile ranges, whereas categorical variables are summarized as exact numbers and percentages. Medication was present if the drug was prescribed regularly at the outpatient visit, regardless of cessation after admission
  2. ACEI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB Angiotensin II receptor blocker, BNP Brain natriuretic peptide, BP Blood pressure, eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, HR Heart rate, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, PaO2 Arterial oxygen partial pressure, PaCO2 Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure
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BMC Geriatrics

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