Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants, categorized according to the presence or absence of NAFLD

Ages (years)

72.9 ± 9.2

68.9 ± 5.8

0.029

62.9 ± 12.1

67.5 ± 10.1

<0.001

Weight (kg)

67.3 ± 9.6

75.3 ± 12.2

<0.001

55.8 ± 7.0

61.5 ± 8.3

<0.001

Height (cm)

170.7 ± 6.1

169.0 ± 6.4

0.239

157.3 ± 9.4

157.7 ± 4.9

0.587

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.6 ± 3.0

25.7 ± 3.3

0.002

22.5 ± 2.6

24.7 ± 2.8

<0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.4 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 0.9

0.312

5.0 ± 0.9

5.1 ± 1.1

0.711

TG (mmol/L)

0.8 ± 0.5

1.8 ± 0.7

<0.001

1.2 ± 0.7

1.6 ± 1.0

<0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.3 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.4

0.065

1.5 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.3

<0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.5 ± 0.7

2.6 ± 0.8

0.426

2.8 ± 0.7

2.9 ± 0.9

0.321

AST (IU/L)

23.0 ± 3.1

23.6 ± 4.4

0.665

21.3 ± 6.0

26.1 ± 7.2

0.003

ALT (IU/L)

19.3 ± 7.4

25.5 ± 14.0

0.007

17.6 ± 10.2

24.5 ± 14.6

<0.001

GGT (IU/L

28.0 ± 17.6

29.5 ± 13.7

0.696

21.2 ± 16.8

28.4 ± 18.4

<0.001

ALB (g/L)

46.6 ± 2.4

47.6 ± 2.0

0.061

46.9 ± 2.4

47.9 ± 2.5

<0.001

Cr (umol/L)

89.1 ± 15.3

87.2 ± 12.3

0.555

64.9 ± 11.0

64.6 ± 11.1

0.789

FPG (mmol/L)

5.6 ± 1.4

5.9 ± 1.1

0.236

5.2 ± 1.0

5.8 ± 1.2

<0.001

UA (μmol/L)

357.5 ± 84.2

371.0 ± 77.5

0.461

267.3 ± 63.4

305.4 ± 71.0

<0.001

Gait speed (m/s)

1.3 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

0.008

1.2 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.3

0.008

Muscle strength (kg)

37.6 ± 9.7

35.8 ± 8.6

0.404

24.5 ± 5.1

23.4 ± 5.8

0.053

7.2 ± 1.3

6.6 ± 1.2

0.032

5.6 ± 1.1

5.23 ± 1.3

0.011

Sarcopenia

6/62 (9.7%)

6/30 (20.0%)

0.295

29/362 (8.0%)

19/124 (15.3%)

0.019

Sarcopenic obesity

2/62 (3.2%)

3/30 (10.0%)

0.394

3/362 (0.8%)

4/124 (3.2%)

0.134