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Table 2 Relationship between baseline (Y1) symptoms and falls during follow-ups (Y2 to Y5), n (%)

From: Independent and synergistic effects of pain, insomnia, and depression on falls among older adults: a longitudinal study

 

Total

Y2

Y3

Y4

Y5

Fall

No fall

p

Fall

No fall

p

Fall

No fall

p

Fall

No fall

p

Pain

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

Yes

1274 (50.0)

331 (57.9)

943 (47.7)

 

389 (58.8)

890 (47.1)

 

408 (56.5)

867 (47.4)

 

418 (56.8)

858 (47.3)

 

No

1275 (50.0)

241 (42.1)

1034 (52.3)

 

273 (41.2)

998 (52.9)

 

314 (43.5)

961 (52.6)

 

318 (43.2)

956 (52.7)

 

Insomnia

   

0.097

  

0.001

  

0.094

  

0.001

Yes

574 (22.6)

143 (25.1)

431 (21.8)

 

181 (27.3)

395 (21.0)

 

179 (24.9)

397 (21.8)

 

199 (27.2)

378 (20.9)

 

No

1969 (77.4)

426 (74.9)

1543 (78.2)

 

481 (72.7)

1486 (79.0)

 

541 (75.1)

1426 (78.2)

 

533 (72.8)

1433 (79.1)

 

Depression

   

0.013

  

< 0.001

  

0.013

  

0.020

Yes

251 (9.9)

72 (12.6)

179 (9.1)

 

90 (13.6)

162 (8.6)

 

88 (12.2)

163 (9.0)

 

88 (12.0)

163 (9.0)

 

No

2286 (90.1)

498 (87.4)

1788 (90.9)

 

570 (86.4)

1715 (91.4)

 

631 (87.8)

1655 (91.0)

 

642 (88.0)

1644 (91.0)

 

Total

 

572 (22.4)

1977 (77.6)

 

662 (26.0)

1888 (74.0)

 

722 (28.3)

1828 (71.7)

 

736 (28.9)

1814 (71.1)

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