Table 3 Baseline characteristics of patients (n 353) on admission to ED according to nutrition status as categorised by the MNA-SF
MNA-SF categories | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics, n (%) or mean (SD) or median (IQR) | Full sample n = 353 | Normal nutrition n = 227 | At risk of malnutrition n = 99 | Malnourished n = 27 | p-value (effect size) | |
Demographic information | ||||||
Sex | Male | 144 (40.8) | 101 (44.5) | 36 (36.4) | 7 (25.9) | 0.10 (0.11) |
Female | 209 (59.2) | 126 (55.5) | 63 (63.6) | 20 (71.4) | ||
Age | 60–74 | 83 (23.5) | 60 (26.4) | 21 (21.2) | 2 (7.4) | 0.19 (0.09) |
75–84 | 171 (48.4) | 108 (47.6) | 49 (49.5) | 14 (51.9) | ||
85+ | 99 (28.0) | 59 (26.0) | 29 (29.3) | 11 (40.7) | ||
Marital status | Married | 135 (38.2) | 94 (41.8) | 34 (34.7) | 7 (25.9) | 0.29 (0.11) |
Single | 51 (14.4) | 33 (14.7) | 14 (14.3) | 4 (14.8) | ||
Divorced | 11 (3.1) | 5 (2.2) | 6 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Widowed | 153 (43.3) | 93 (41.3) | 44 (44.9) | 16 (59.3) | ||
Residential status | Lives alone | 153 (43.3) | 103 (45.4) | 39 (39.4) | 11 (40.7) | 0.46 (0.07) |
Lives with family | 183 (51.8) | 115 (50.7) | 55 (55.6) | 13 (48.1) | ||
Other | 17 (4.8) | 9 (4.0) | 5 (5.1) | 3 (11.1) | ||
Mode of Entry | Ambulance | 171 (48.4) | 98 (43.2) | 57 (57.6) | 16 (59.3) | 0.17 (0.10) |
Private Transport | 177 (50.1) | 125 (55.1) | 41 (41.4) | 11 (40.7) | ||
Public Transport / walk in | 5 (1.4) | 4 (1.8) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Source of Referral | GP | 124 (35.1) | 75 (33.0) | 36 (36.4) | 13 (48.1) | 0.05 (0.12) |
Self-referral | 210 (59.5) | 140 (61.7) | 60 (60.6) | 10 (37.0) | ||
Otherb | 19 (5.4) | 12 (5.3) | 3 (3.0) | 4 (14.8) | ||
Presenting Problem | Acute disease / injury (moderate) | 317 (89.8) | 204 (89.9) | 88 (88.9) | 25 (92.6) | 0.12 (0.10) |
Acute disease / injury (severe) | 23 (6.5) | 18 (7.9) | 5 (5.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Gastro complaint | 13 (3.7) | 5 (2.2) | 6 (6.1) | 2 (7.4) | ||
Triage | Orange | 36 (10.2) | 25 (11.0) | 9 (9.1) | 2 (7.4) | 0.74 (0.06) |
Yellow | 295 (83.6) | 187 (82.4) | 83 (83.8) | 25 (92.6) | ||
Green | 22 (6.2) | 15 (6.6) | 7 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
EQ-5D totalc | 12 (6) | 11 (6) | 12 (7) | 15 (6.0) | < 0.001 (0.17) | |
EQ VASc | 60 (30) | 65 (30) | 50 (30) | 50 (20.0) | < 0.001 (0.19) | |
Barthel indexc | 18 (5) | 18.0 (5) | 17.0 (6.0) | 13.0 (9.0) | < 0.001 (0.32) | |
ISAR scorea | 2.52 (1.2) | 2.3 (1.2) | 2.8 (1.3) | 3.7 (1.0) | < 0.001 (0.32) | |
Clinical frailty scorea | 4.1 (1.4) | 3.7 (1.2) | 4.5 (3.7) | 5.6 (1.1) | < 0.001 (0.41) | |
Falls past 3 months | No | 164 (46.6) | 96 (42.3) | 57 (58.2) | 11 (40.7) | 0.03 (0.14) |
Yes | 188 (53.4) | 131 (57.7) | 41 (41.8) | 16 (59.3) | ||
Hospitalised past 6 months | No | 239 (67.9) | 169 (74.8) | 56 (56.6) | 14 (51.9) | 0.001 (0.20) |
Yes | 113 (32.1) | 57 (25.2) | 43 (43.4) | 13 (48.1) | ||
Outcome of index visit | ||||||
PETc | 18.1 (15.1) | 17.2 (14.4) | 18.1 (17.2) | 22.6 (11.4) | < 0.001 (0.22) | |
Outcome | Admission | 220 (62.3) | 162 (71.4) | 46 (46.5) | 12 (44.4) | < 0.001 (0.19) |
Discharge home | 95 (26.9) | 46 (20.3) | 40 (40.4) | 9 (33.3) | ||
Transfer to other hospital | 38 (10.8) | 19 (8.4) | 13 (13.1) | 6 (22.2) | ||
HoLOSc | 9.0 (15) | 8 (12) | 9 (23) | 10 (12) | 0.21 (0.19) | |