Table 1 Health characteristics, autonomy assessment and home services of elderly patients visiting EDs according to professional home services’ presence
Characteristics | All patients N = 1168 N(%) | No services N = 800 N(%) | Services N = 368 N(%) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, y.o median (Q1;Q3) | 86 (83;89) | 85 (82;88) | 88 (85;91) | < 0.001 |
Sex ratio | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.65 | 0.310 |
Medical history: | ||||
None | 38(3) | 31(4) | 7(2) | 0.077 |
Cardio Vascular risk factors | 686(59) | 467(58) | 219(60) | 0.714 |
Cardio Vascular | 772(66) | 504(63) | 268(73) | 0.001 |
Respiratory | 198(17) | 122(15) | 76(21) | 0.022 |
Neurologic | 272(23) | 152(19) | 120(33) | < 0.001 |
Psychiatric | 89(8) | 54(7) | 35(10) | 0.099 |
Trauma | 91(8) | 58(7) | 33(9) | 0.309 |
Hematology/oncology | 212(18) | 136(17) | 76(21) | 0.132 |
Urology | 192(16) | 130(16) | 62(17) | 0.798 |
Gastro enterology | 189(16) | 117(15) | 72(20) | 0.033 |
≥ 2 categories | 496(42) | 293(37) | 203(55) | < 0.001 |
Usual medication | ||||
None | 47(4) | 40(5) | 7(2) | 0.012 |
≥ 3 daily medications | 689(59) | 448(56) | 241(65) | 0.002 |
Hypertension | 744(64) | 509(64) | 235(64) | 0.938 |
Antiplatelets | 424(36) | 285(36) | 139(38) | 0.478 |
Anticoagulant | 273(23) | 166(21) | 107(29) | 0.002 |
Psychotropics | 264(23) | 158(20) | 106(29) | 0.001 |
Cognitive impairment | 308(26) | 156(20) | 152(41) | < 0.001 |
Relatives present in the ED | 421(36) | 304(38) | 117(32) | 0.040 |
Registered personal directive | 18(2) | 12(2) | 6(2) | 0.775 |
Autonomy assessment | ||||
Living alone | 556(48) | 346(43) | 210(57) | < 0.001 |
Living as couple | 446(38) | 340(43) | 106(29) | < 0.001 |
Helping spouse | 136(12) | 97(12) | 39(11) | 0.252 |
Knaus classification | ||||
A | 437(37) | 385(48) | 52(14) | < 0.001 |
B | 451(39) | 281(35) | 170(46) | < 0.001 |
C | 230(20) | 97(12) | 133(36) | < 0.001 |
D | 4(0.3) | 0(0) | 4(1) | 0.003 |
Autonomy assessment: | ||||
ADLa, median (Q1;Q3) | 1(0;4) | 0(0;1) | 3(1;6) | < 0.001 |
Severe disability (ADLa ≥ 10) | 66(6) | 29(4) | 37(10) | < 0.001 |
Loss of autonomy (ADLa ≥ 6) | 194(17) | 73(9) | 121(33) | < 0.001 |
Early disability (ADLa ≤ 4) | 877(75) | 674(84) | 203(55) | < 0.001 |
Disability for intimate tasks | 136(12) | 41(5) | 95(26) | < 0.001 |
Walking disability | 123(11) | 57(7) | 66(18) | < 0.001 |
Home services | ||||
Type of services | ||||
Professional | 368(32) | 0(0) | 368(100) | |
Relatives | 621(53) | 418(52) | 203(55) | 0.021 |
Cleaning only | 181(16) | 181(23) | 0(0) | |
Technical help | 220(19) | 77(10) | 143(39) | < 0.001 |
Tasks dedicated to caregivers: | ||||
Cleaning | 599(51) | 298(37) | 301(82) | < 0.001 |
Groceries | 369(32) | 128(16) | 241(66) | < 0.001 |
Bathing | 342(29) | 81(10) | 261(71) | < 0.001 |
Clothing | 232(20) | 55(7) | 177(48) | < 0.001 |
Walking | 79(7) | 16(2) | 63(17) | < 0.001 |
Eating | 182(16) | 50(6) | 132(36) | < 0.001 |
Delivering meals | 138(12) | 41(5) | 97(26) | < 0.001 |
Telealarm | 119(10) | 43(5) | 76(21) | < 0.001 |
Walking device | 344(29) | 159(20) | 185(50) | < 0.001 |
Nurse care | 131(11) | 54(7) | 77(21) | < 0.001 |