Table 2 Randomised controlled trials characteristics
From: Hospital falls prevention with patient education: a scoping review
Lead author (Year) | Setting | Interventions | Education content | Education delivery modes | Education design guiding principles | Education outcomes | Education quality | Fall outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aizen (2015) [52] | Sub-acute | Multifactorial v Usual Care | Behavioural and cognitive treatment with patient and family guidance | Not stated | Not stated | Not reported | 2/17 Low | No difference in falls (falls per 1000 bed days: experimental 1; control 2) (p = 0.11) |
Ang (2011) [34] | Acute | Multifactorial v Usual Care | Falls education based on individual falls risk | Face to face by nurses | Not stated | Not reported | 6/17 Low | Less falls in experimental group than control group (p = 0.018) |
Cumming (2008) [53] | Acute, sub-acute | Multifactorial v Usual Care | Falls education based on individual falls risk | Face to face by nurses | Not stated | Not reported | 5/17 Low | No difference in falls (falls per 1000 bed days: experimental 9; control 9) |
Dykes (2010) [54] | Acute | Multifactorial v Usual Care | Falls education based on individual falls risks | Handout | Yes. Handout designed to match consumer literacy | Not reported | 4/17 Low | Less falls in experimental than control group (falls per 1000 bed days: experimental 3; control 4) (p = 0.04) |
Haines (2011) [22] | Acute, sub-acute | Group 1: Combination Group 2: Materials Group 3: Usual Care | Education on falls, self-reflection of individual risk, falls strategies, goal setting | Face to face by physiotherapist Handout given by trained clinician Combination of all | Yes. Content based on health belief model and consumer feedback | Not reported | 7/17 Moderate | No difference in falls (falls per 1000 bed days: combination 8; materials 8; control 9) |
Hill (2009) [55] | Acute, sub-acute | Education of patient delivered by video v Education of patient delivered by handout | Education on risk of falls and falls prevention strategies | Handout Video | Yes. Content based on health belief model and utilising design and communication principles | Yes. Video group identified more falls prevention strategies than handout group (p = 0.02). Video group was more motivated and confident to reduce falls than handout group (p = 0.03) | 8/17 Moderate | No falls outcome reported |
Hill (2015) [38] | Sub-acute | Education of patient v Usual Care | Education on falls, cues to action and goal setting | Face to face plus handout plus video | Yes. Content based on health belief model and adult learning principles | Not reported | 11/17 Moderate | Less falls in experimental group than control group (falls per 1000 bed days: experimental 8; control 14) (p = 0.03) |
Kuhlenschmidt (2016) [31] | Acute | Education of patient v Usual Care | Education on fall risks, strategies and fear of falling, tailored to different risk categories | Face to face plus handout plus video by research nurses | Not stated | Yes. Risk perception changed more in the intervention group (p = 0.01) | 11/17 Moderate | No falls outcomes reported |
Kiyoshi-Teo (2019) [56] | Acute | Education of patient v Usual care | Education on fall risks, strategies and prompting behaviour change and self-reflection of falls prevention | Face to face plus handout by research nurse | Yes. Content based on motivational interviewing concept | Yes. No significant difference between groups in confidence, falls prevention behaviours and patient engagement | 10/17 Moderate | No significant difference in falls (incidence rates per month: experimental 0.2029; control 0.2098) |
van Gaal (2011) [57] | Acute | Multifactorial v Usual Care | Education on falls prevention | Face to face plus handout given by nurses | Not stated | Not reported | 2/17 Low | Less falls in experimental group than control group (rate ratio 0.67) |