Fig. 1

Patient Inclusion. Case patients were those with a positive blood culture, excluding those with coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, and Bacillus species other than B. anthracis, in whom antimicrobials were begun. Non-infected Matched Controls were older patients who never had a positive culture (any site) and did not receive any antibiotics during their hospital stay who were matched to cases by sex, age (within 5 years), hospital location (critical care [level II or III] or ward), length of stay and date of stay at the matching hospital location (within 30 days) at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre