Table 3 Incidence of frailty among robust and prefrail persons in 2011, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Demographic characteristics | Incidence of frailty per 1000 person-years | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | Rate | 95% CI | ||
Overall | 4939 (100%) | 60.6 | 54.2 | 68.0 |
Frailty at baseline*** | ||||
Robust | 2227 (45.1%) | 28.8 | 23.7 | 35.4 |
Prefrail | 2712 (54.9%) | 86.6 | 76.4 | 98.6 |
Age groups (years)*** | ||||
60–64 | 2025 (41.0%) | 36.5 | 30.6 | 43.9 |
65–69 | 1297 (26.3%) | 55.2 | 39.4 | 80.3 |
70–74 | 846 (17.2%) | 65.6 | 52.7 | 82.9 |
75–79 | 522 (10.6%) | 93.7 | 76.1 | 116.7 |
80–84 | 190 (3.9%) | 152.2 | 118.8 | 198.4 |
85+ | 59 (1.2%) | 219.6 | 154.0 | 329.9 |
Sex*** | ||||
Male | 2542 (51.3%) | 52.5 | 45.7 | 60.6 |
Female | 2407 (48.7%) | 69.1 | 58.6 | 82.1 |
Education*** | ||||
No formal education or illiterate | 1673 (33.9%) | 90.4 | 80.1 | 102.3 |
Did not finish elementary school a | 1057 (21.4%) | 63.4 | 52.2 | 77.7 |
Elementary school b | 1255 (25.4%) | 52.8 | 36.7 | 79.3 |
Middle school | 600 (12.2%) | 22.2 | 14.0 | 37.3 |
High school or above c | 352 (7.2%) | 15.9 | 9.2 | 30.1 |
Annual household income*** | ||||
< 2160 Yuan | 1163 (25.0%) | 79.8 | 68.9 | 92.9 |
2160–10,640 Yuan | 1163 (25.0%) | 57.2 | 47.9 | 69.0 |
10,640–31,500 Yuan | 1166 (25.1%) | 40.4 | 32.7 | 50.7 |
> 31,500 Yuan | 1159 (24.9%) | 44.9 | 29.2 | 73.0 |
Marital status** | ||||
Married | 4000 (81.0%) | 56.1 | 48.9 | 64.6 |
Widowed | 844 (17.1%) | 76.8 | 63.1 | 94.5 |
Others d | 95 (1.9%) | 83.3 | 47.6 | 161.5 |
Current residence*** | ||||
Urban | 1828 (37.0%) | 53.7 | 42.2 | 69.6 |
Rural | 3111 (63.0%) | 65.9 | 59.4 | 73.2 |
Geographic region*** | ||||
Southeast China | 328 (6.6%) | 44.8 | 29.6 | 71.2 |
East China | 243 (4.9%) | 51.4 | 33.5 | 82.9 |
South Central China | 698 (14.1%) | 57.3 | 45.0 | 73.7 |
Southwest China | 903 (18.3%) | 57.4 | 46.7 | 71.4 |
Central China | 1128 (22.8%) | 65.9 | 59.4 | 73.2 |
Northeast China | 332 (6.7%) | 67.6 | 45.8 | 104.5 |
Northern China | 545 (11.0%) | 71.0 | 56.6 | 90.2 |
South China | 446 (9.0%) | 74.2 | 40.6 | 152.6 |
Northwest China | 316 (6.4%) | 93.0 | 70.8 | 124.9 |
Number of chronic conditions* | ||||
0 | 1282 (26.0%) | 46.7 | 38.3 | 57.6 |
1 | 1463 (29.7%) | 46.9 | 38.7 | 57.3 |
2 | 1081 (22.0%) | 46.7 | 37.8 | 58.4 |
3+ | 1099 (22.3%) | 78.2 | 59.2 | 106.0 |