From: Diet quality and cognitive function in mid-aged and older men and women
Total (n = 617) | Men (n = 302) | Women (n = 315) | |
---|---|---|---|
B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | |
DGI-2013 | |||
Crude | 0.03 (0.00, 0.05)* | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.04) |
Adjusted | 0.00 (− 0.01, 0.03) | 0.02 (− 0.01, 0.05) | 0.00 (− 0.03, 0.04) |
Dietary variety | |||
Crude | 0.41 (0.14, 0.67)** | 0.37 (− 0.04, 0.77) | 0.30 (− 0.04, 0.65) |
Adjusted | 0.28 (0.03, 0.52)* | 0.31 (− 0.04, 0.65) | 0.26 (− 0.06, 0.59) |
Vegetable serves | |||
Crude | 0.27 (−0.01, 0.56) | 0.10 (−0.17, 0.38) | 0.20 (− 0.27, 0.68) |
Adjusted | 0.20 (−0.08, 0.47) | 0.20 (− 0.08, 0.48) | 0.27 (− 0.20, 0.74) |
Fruit serves | |||
Crude | 0.05 (−0.15, 0.25) | 0.05 (−0.29, 0.39) | − 0.16 (− 0.52, 0.20) |
Adjusted | −0.06 (− 0.28, 0.17) | 0.07 (− 0.24, 0.38) | − 0.16 (− 0.53, 0.21) |
Grain foods serves | |||
Crude | −0.07 (− 0.40, 0.26) | 0.07 (− 0.22, 0.36) | −0.08 (− 0.55, 0.40) |
Adjusted | − 0.05 (− 0.34, 0.25) | 0.03 (− 0.26, 0.32) | − 0.17 (− 0.59, 0.25) |
Wholegrain bread | |||
Crude | |||
“I don’t eat bread/white bread” | ref | ref | ref |
“high fibre white/multigrain/other” | 1.31 (0.37, 2.26)** | 0.60 (− 0.44, 1.64) | 1.92 (0.35, 3.49)* |
“Wholemeal/rye” | 0.28 (−0.77, 1.33) | − 0.76 (−2.06, 0.54) | 1.52 (0.09, 2.95)* |
Adjusted | n = 311 | ||
“I don’t eat bread/white bread” | ref | ref | refa |
“high fibre white/multigrain/other” | 0.87 (−0.05, 1.79) | 0.46 (− 0.54, 1.47) | 1.29 (− 0.08, 2.66) |
“Wholemeal/rye” | − 0.03 (− 1.06, 1.00) | − 0.79 (− 2.11, 0.53) | 0.95 (− 0.44, 2.34) |
Meat and alternatives serves | |||
Crude | 0.17 (− 0.15, 0.49) | 0.23 (− 0.14, 0.60) | 0.05 (− 0.29, 0.39) |
Adjusted | 0.03 (− 0.27, 0.34) | 0.17 (− 0.17, 0.52) | − 0.03 (− 0.38, 0.31) |
Dairy serves | |||
Crude | 0.18 (− 0.06, 0.43) | 0.13 (− 0.26, 0.52) | 0.18 (− 0.23, 0.59) |
Adjusted | 0.18 (− 0.06, 0.43) | 0.11 (− 0.26, 0.47) | 0.18 (− 0.21, 0.57) |
Fluid serves | |||
Crude | 0.08 (− 0.00, 0.16) | 0.11 (− 0.02, 0.24) | − 0.01 (− 0.13, 0.12) |
Adjusted | 0.01 (− 0.06, 0.09) | 0.06 (− 0.09, 0.20) | − 0.03 (− 0.15, 0.09) |
Discretionary foods serves | |||
Crude | −0.04 (− 0.14, 0.07) | 0.08 (− 0.04, 0.20) | − 0.03 (− 0.19, 0.14) |
Adjusted | 0.04 (− 0.06, 0.13) | 0.07 (− 0.05, 0.19) | −0.01 (− 0.17, 0.14) |
Trimming fat from meat | |||
Crude | |||
“Never/rarely” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.43 (− 1.29, 2.15) | 0.37 (− 1.71, 2.44) | 0.18 (−3.31, 3.67) |
“Usually/always/I don’t eat meat” | 1.11 (−0.50, 2.72) | 0.64 (− 1.26, 2.55) | 0.97 (− 1.93, 3.86) |
Adjusted | |||
“Never/rarely” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | −0.08 (−1.59, 1.42) | − 0.02 (−2.08, 2.04) | − 0.34 (−3.76, 3.07) |
“Usually/always/I don’t eat meat” | 0.37 (− 1.06, 1.81) | 0.36 (− 1.53, 2.24) | 0.34 (− 2.34, 3.02) |
Type of milk drunk | |||
Crude | |||
“Whole” | ref | ref | ref |
“Don’t know/soy” | 0.20 (−1.34, 1.74) | −0.85 (−3.04, 1.34) | 0.16 (−2.08, 2.41) |
“I don’t drink milk/low fat/skim” | 0.27 (−0.50, 1.04) | −0.16 (−1.06, 0.75) | 0.33 (− 1.13, 1.80) |
Adjusted | |||
“Whole” | ref | ref | ref |
“Don’t know/soy” | −0.67 (−1.89, 0.54) | −1.00 (−3.34, 1.33) | −0.52 (−2.39, 1.35) |
“I don’t drink milk/low fat/skim” | −0.20 (− 0.99, 0.59) | −0.14 (− 1.01, 0.72) | −0.27 (− 1.80, 1.26) |
Unsaturated fat oils and spreads serves | |||
Crude | 0.31 (−0.03, 0.65) | 0.34 (−0.01, 0.70) | 0.26 (− 0.14, 0.65) |
Adjusted | 0.19 (−0.15, 0.53) | 0.26 (− 0.09, 0.60) | 0.14 (− 0.28, 0.55) |
Salt added after cooking | |||
Crude | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.50 (−0.19, 1.18) | − 0.22 (−1.18, 0.73) | 1.14 (0.26, 2.02)* |
“Usually” | −0.05 (−1.02, 0.92) | − 0.64 (−2.00, 0.73) | 0.75 (− 0.29, 1.79) |
Adjusted | n = 606 | n = 310 | |
“Never” | refa | ref | refa |
“Sometimes” | 0.34 (−0.23, 0.91) | 0.05 (− 0.99, 1.08) | 0.98 (0.25, 1.71)* |
“Usually” | 0.23 (−0.72, 1.19) | −0.18 (−1.58, 1.23) | 0.63 (− 0.23, 1.49) |
Salt added during cooking | |||
Crude | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.08 (− 0.61, 0.76) | 0.44 (−0.60, 1.48) | − 0.11 (−1.22, 0.99) |
“Usually” | −1.06 (−2.21, 0.09) | − 1.35 (− 2.82, 0.12) | −0.64 (− 2.23, 0.94) |
“Don’t know” | −2.23 (−4.78, 0.32) | −1.52 (−4.04, 0.99) | n/a |
Adjusted | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.12 (−0.54, 0.78) | 0.26 (− 0.76, 1.28) | 0.01 (−1.11, 1.14) |
“Usually” | −0.91 (−1.96, 0.14) | −1.26 (−2.72, 0.21) | −0.49 (− 1.96, 0.97) |
“Don’t know” | −1.60 (−4.31, 1.12) | −1.51 (− 4.45, 1.44) | n/a |
High sugar food serves | |||
Crude | −0.29 (− 0.52, − 0.06) | −0.17 (− 0.41, 0.06) | −0.25 (− 0.91, 0.40) |
Adjusted | − 0.16 (− 0.35, 0.04) | −0.15 (− 0.36, 0.05) | −0.17 (− 0.73, 0.39) |
Alcohol serves | |||
Crude | 0.10 (−0.13, 0.34) | 0.22 (0.01, 0.44)* | 0.36 (−0.23, 0.94) |
Adjusted | 0.23 (− 0.01, 0.46) | 0.22 (−0.04, 0.47) | 0.27 (− 0.24, 0.78) |