Table 4 Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) testing the association of each different pair of factors significantly associated with difficulty with at least one ADL and IADL (n = 2207)

Age ≥ 75 years and pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point

24.41

(14.27–41.75)

<  0.001

19.47

(14.24–26.63)

<  0.001

Age ≥ 75 years and number of diseases ≥2

23.75

(10.45–53.99)

<  0.001

13.67

(9.1–20.53)

<  0.001

Age ≥ 75 years and lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week

13.46

(8.08–22.44)

<  0.001

7.92

(5.89–10.66)

<  0.001

Age ≥ 75 years and presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment

42.40

(23.95–75.06)

<  0.001

18.56

(14.06–24.51)

<  0.001

Age ≥ 75 years and a lack of social contacts

13.26

(9.36–18.8)

<  0.001

8.24

(6.4–10.61)

<  0.001

Age ≥ 75 years and a lack of good relations with relatives

12.91

(9.14–18.24)

<  0.001

8.17

(6.37–10.49)

<  0.001

Pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point and number of diseases ≥2

35.36

(11.26–111.00)

<  0.001

8.67

(5.92–12.69)

<  0.001

Pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point and lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week

23.59

(9.64–57.74)

<  0.001

8.68

(5.91–12.76)

<  0.001

Pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point and presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment

50.93

(23.86–108.71)

<  0.001

18.31

(13.47–24.88)

<  0.001

Pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point and a lack of social contacts

32.63

(17.97–59.24)

<  0.001

16.33

(11.75–22.71)

<  0.001

Pain on the VAS scale ≥3 point and a lack of good relations with relatives

33.29

(18.34–60.43)

<  0.001

16.28

(11.77–22.51)

<  0.001

Number of diseases ≥2 and lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week

43.14

(6.01–309.70)

<  0.001

6.87

(3.91–12.07)

<  0.001

Number of diseases ≥2 and presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment

74.07

(18.33–299.37)

<  0.001

17.68

(11.26–27.75)

<  0.001

Number of diseases ≥2 and a lack of social contacts

47.50

(15.08–149.62)

<  0.001

11.43

(7.46–17.51)

<  0.001

Number of diseases ≥2 and a lack of good relations with relatives

36.74

(13.54–99.68)

<  0.001

11.51

(7.56–17.52)

<  0.001

Lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week and presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment

44.51

(18.22–108.71)

<  0.001

8.02

(5.97–10.77)

<  0.001

Lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week and a lack of social contacts

16.76

(9.60–29.28)

<  0.001

4.74

(3.58–6.27)

<  0.001

Lack of participation in physical activity performed daily for a minimum of 150 min per week and a lack of good relations with relatives

15.23

(9.00–25.78)

<  0.001

4.98

(3.76–6.59)

<  0.001

Presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment and a lack of social contacts

19.37

(12.95–28.96)

<  0.001

8.73

(6.87–11.11)

<  0.001

Presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the respondent’s environment and a lack of good relations with relatives

20.41

(13.56–30.71)

<  0.001

9.20

(7.22–11.73)

<  0.001

A lack of social contacts and a lack of good relations with relatives

5.73

(4.42–7.44)

<  0.001

3.35

(2.76–4.08)

<  0.001