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Table 1 Possible outcomes pertaining to patient and public involvement in research [2]

From: Patient and public involvement in dementia research in the European Union: a scoping review

Patient and public involved

 • New skills and knowledge

 • Personal development

 • Support and friendship

 • Enjoyment and satisfaction

 • Financial rewards

Researchers

 • A better knowledge and understanding of the community

 • Enjoyment and satisfaction

 • Career benefits

 • Challenges to beliefs and attitudes

Research process

 • Identifying topics for research

 • Shaping the research agenda

 • Reshape and clarify the research question

 • Improvements in the design of research tools

 • Research methods have worked in practice

 • Increased participation rates

 • Enhanced the quality of the data

 • Help engage the target audience, enhance the credibility of the findings