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Table 1 Characteristics of Adults Aged 65 and Older (n = 24,018)

From: Prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults who reported medical cost as a barrier to seeking health care: findings from a nationally representative sample

 

Unweighted n

Overall

Mean or Proportion (95% CI)

Yes, Medical Cost a Barrier to Health Carea

Mean or Proportion (95% CI)

Current Depressive Symptoms (PHQ-8 Score ≥ 10)

Mean or Proportion (95% CI)

Socio-demographics

 Age in years

24018

74.1

(73.9–74.4)

73.0

(72.1–74.0)

73.8

(72.2–75.4)

 Gender

  Male

8457

43.7

(42.0–45.4)

4.7

(3.5–5.8)

4.6

(3.6–5.6)

  Female

15561

56.3

(54.6–57.9)

6.5

(5.3–7.7)

7.4

(6.1–8.6)

 Ethnicity

  White Non-Hispanic

20135

77.5

(76.0–79.0)

4.3

(3.5–5.2)

5.6

(4.7–6.4)

  Black Non-Hispanic

1479

7.7

(6.7–8.7)

10.1

(6.6–13.6)

5.1

(2.9–7.3)

  Hispanic

1785

11.9

(10.8–13.1)

11.7

(8.0–15.3)

11.0

(7.4–14.6)

  Othersb

619

2.9

(2.2–3.5)

6.3

(3.7–8.9)

4.8

(1.8–7.9)

 Marital Status

  Married

11330

51.7

(50.1–53.4)

4.7

(3.6–5.8)

5.0

(4.0–6.0)

  Unmarriedc

12688

48.3

(46.6–49.9)

6.8

(5.5–8.1)

7.4

(6.0–8.8)

 Education

  Elementary/Some High School/High School Graduate

11359

55.4

(53.8–57.0)

7.2

(5.9–8.5)

7.0

(5.7–8.3)

  Some College or Technical School/College graduate

12659

44.6

(43.0–46.2)

3.9

(2.9–4.8)

5.1

(4.1–6.1)

 Employment

  Employed

3520

13.6

(12.4–14.7)

4.9

(2.9–6.8)

5.4

(2.3–8.5)

  Unemployedd

20498

86.4

(85.3–87.6)

5.9

(4.9–6.8)

6.3

(5.4–7.1)

Health Indicators

  General Health

  Excellent/Very Good/Good

17903

71.2

(69.6–72.7)

3.8

(3.0–4.7)

2.8

(2.1–3.6)

  Fair/Poor

6115

28.8

(27.3–30.4)

10.4

(8.4–12.4)

14.3

(12.1–16.6)

 Number of Chronic Conditions

  0

5123

20.9

(19.6–22.2)

3.8

(2.4–5.2)

2.8

(1.6–3.9)

  1

7673

30.7

(29.2–32.2)

5.1

(3.8–6.4)

4.1

(2.6–5.6)

  2

5719

24.4

(23.0–25.9)

5.7

(3.9–7.5)

6.4

(4.7–8.1)

  ≥ 3

5503

23.9

(22.4–25.4)

8.2

(6.0–10.4)

11.5

(9.4–13.7)

 Smoking

  Yes

2103

8.8

(7.8–9.7)

11.3

(6.1–16.4)

10.8

(6.5–15.0)

  No

21915

91.2

(90.3–92.2)

5.2

(4.4–5.9)

5.7

(5.0–6.5)

 Use of Special Equipment due to a Health Problem

  Yes

4531

19.0

(17.7–20.2)

10.0

(7.4–12.4)

15.5

(12.8–18.1)

  No

19487

81.0

(79.8–82.3)

4.7

(3.9–5.6)

4.0

(3.2–4.8)

Health Care Indicators

 Have a Health Plan

  Yes

23626

97.9

(97.2–98.5)

5.2

(4.4–6.0)

6.2

(5.4–7.1)

  No

382

2.1

(1.5–2.8)

27.3

(13.1–41.5)

3.3

(1.5–5.1)

 Have a Primary Care Provider

  Yes

22726

94.7

(93.9–95.5)

5.4

(4.5–6.2)

6.2

(5.3–7.0)

  No

1292

5.3

(4.5–6.1)

11.8

(6.9–16.6)

6.0

(3.1–8.7)

 Annual Health Checkup

  Yes

20255

87.1

(86.0–88.1)

4.9

(4.1–5.7)

6.1

(5.2–6.9)

  No

3763

12.9

(11.8–14.0)

11.4

(7.8–15.1)

6.6

(3.8–9.5)

  1. a Was there a time in the past 12 months when you needed to see a doctor but could not because of cost?
  2. Includes non-Hispanic Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaskan Native only, Multiracial and other race only
  3. Includes Divorced, Widowed, Separated, Never Married, and Member of an unmarried couple
  4. Includes Homemaker, Student, Retired, Unable to Work, and Out of work