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Table 6 Correlates of better age-comparative self-rated health status in the China Kadoorie Biobank study, 2004–2008: multinomial logistic regression analysisa

From: The distribution and correlates of self-rated health in elderly Chinese: the China Kadoorie Biobank study

Variables

Worse

About the same

Better

OR

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Demographic factors

 Age (ref. = 60–64 yr)

  65–69 yr

1

1.06

1.02, 1.10

1.20

1.15, 1.26

   ≥ 70 yr

1

1.28

1.23, 1.34

1.62

1.53, 1.71

 Sex (ref. = Women)

1

1.23

1.17, 1.29

1.43

1.34, 1.52

 Residential area (ref. = Rural)

1

1.08

1.04, 1.12

1.97

1.88, 2.07

Socioeconomic factors

 Marital status (ref. = Married)

  windowed

1

1.05

1.00, 1.09

1.19

1.13, 1.25

  Separated/divorced/never married

1

0.85

0.74, 0.97

0.89

0.74, 1.08

 Educational level (ref. = No formal school)

  Primary school

1

1.22

1.17, 1.27

1.27

1.20, 1.34

  Middle or high school

1

1.33

1.26, 1.41

1.84

1.73, 1.97

  College or university

1

1.60

1.45, 1.77

2.66

2.38, 2.98

 Annual household income, US Dollar (ref. = 0–1449)

  1450–2899

1

1.17

1.12, 1.22

1.21

1.14, 1.27

  2890–5072

1

1.30

1.24, 1.37

1.36

1.28, 1.46

   ≥ 5073

1

1.32

1.25, 1.41

1.63

1.51, 1.76

 House ownership (ref. = No)

1

1.13

1.09, 1.18

1.32

1.26, 1.39

Health behaviors

 Smoking status (ref. = Never smoker)

  Former smoker and quit by choices

1

1.16

1.06, 1.27

1.29

1.17, 1.43

  Former smoker and quit by illness

1

0.59

0.55, 0.64

0.50

0.45, 0.55

  Occasional smoker

1

0.98

0.90, 1.06

0.98

0.89, 1.08

  Current smoker

1

0.98

0.93, 1.04

1.04

0.97, 1.11

 Alcohol status (ref. = Never drinker)

  Former drinker

1

0.68

0.63, 0.73

0.68

0.61, 0.77

  Occasional drinker

1

1.38

1.32, 1.44

1.61

1.53, 1.70

  Current drinker

1

1.60

1.52, 1.69

2.15

2.01, 2.30

 Physical activity (MET-h/day) (ref. = Q1)

  Q2

1

1.48

1.42, 1.54

1.84

1.75, 1.93

  Q3

1

1.78

1.69, 1.87

2.53

2.38, 2.70

  Q4

1

2.10

1.96, 2.25

2.97

2.73, 3.24

 BMI category (ref. = Normal weight)

  Underweight

1

0.59

0.56, 0.63

0.49

0.45, 0.54

  Overweight

1

1.17

1.13, 1.22

1.28

1.22, 1.34

  Obesity

1

1.00

0.95, 1.05

1.02

0.95, 1.09

 Weight change in the past year (ref. = Change ±2.5 kg)

  Lost ≥2.5 kg

1

0.54

0.52, 0.57

0.55

0.52, 0.58

  Gained ≥2.5 kg

1

0.80

0.75, 0.85

1.00

0.93, 1.08

  1. For residential area, adjusted for all other variables plus cardiometabolic diseases, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, mental diseases, digestive diseases, cancer and other diseases. For other factors, adjusted for 10 study location, all other variables shown in the table, and plus cardiometabolic diseases, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, mental diseases, digestive diseases, cancer and other diseases
  2. Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, CI Confidence intervals, MET Metabolic equivalent task, OR Odds ratio
  3. aParticipants answering “don’t know” (n = 5271) for the age-comparative self-rated health status question were excluded from the analysis, leaving 119,511 participants in this analysis
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BMC Geriatrics

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