Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants at baseline in the China Kadoorie Biobank study, 2004–2008a
Variables | Total (n = 124782) | Male (n = 57693) | Female (n = 67089) | P Value†|
|---|---|---|---|---|
Global SRH status |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Excellent | 17537 (14.05) | 9201 (15.95) | 8336 (12.43) |  |
 Good | 30300 (24.28) | 15115 (26.20) | 15185 (22.63) |  |
 Fair | 60181 (48.24) | 26778 (46.41) | 33403 (49.79) |  |
 Poor | 16764 (13.43) | 6599 (11.44) | 10165 (15.15) |  |
Age-comparative SRH status | ||||
 Better | 22083 (17.70) | 11772 (20.40) | 10311 (15.37) |  |
 About the same | 74983 (60.09) | 35088 (60.83) | 39895 (59.47) |  |
 Worse | 22445 (17.99) | 8765 (15.19) | 13680 (20.39) |  |
 Don’t know | 5271 (4.22) | 2068 (3.58) | 3203 (4.77) |  |
Age, mean (SD), yr | 66.29 (4.37) | 66.50 (4.40) | 66.10 (4.33) | < 0.001 |
Rural residence | 63771 (51.11) | 31615 (54.80) | 32156 (47.93) | < 0.001 |
Married | 98555 (78.98) | 50533 (87.59) | 48022 (71.58) | < 0.001 |
Educational level |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No formal school | 40476 (32.44) | 10192 (17.67) | 30284 (45.15) |  |
 Primary school | 48444 (38.82) | 25745 (44.62) | 22699 (33.83) |  |
 Middle or high school | 29153 (23.36) | 17000 (29.47) | 12153 (18.11) |  |
 College or university | 6709 (5.38) | 4756 (8.24) | 1953 (2.91) |  |
Annual household income, US Dollarb |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 0–1449 | 45480 (36.45) | 19696 (34.15) | 25784 (38.43) |  |
 1450–2899 | 35072 (28.11) | 16145 (27.98) | 18927 (28.21) |  |
 2890–5072 | 26052 (20.88) | 12590 (21.82) | 13462 (20.07) |  |
 ≥ 5073 | 18178 (14.56) | 9262 (16.05) | 8916 (13.29) |  |
House ownership (Yes) | 50160 (40.20) | 23973 (41.55) | 26187 (39.03) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never smoker | 70871 (56.80) | 10853 (18.81) | 60018 (89.46) |  |
 Former smoker and quit by choices | 6396 (5.12) | 5585 (9.68) | 811 (1.21) |  |
 Former smoker and quit by illness | 7894 (6.33) | 6873 (11.91) | 1021 (1.52) |  |
 Occasional smoker | 7171 (5.75) | 5563 (9.64) | 1608 (2.40) |  |
 Current smoker | 32450 (26.00) | 28819 (49.96) | 3631 (5.41) |  |
Alcohol status |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Never drinker | 64717 (51.86) | 16939 (29.36) | 47778 (71.22) |  |
 Former drinker | 4662 (3.74) | 4079 (7.07) | 583 (0.87) |  |
 Occasional drinker | 32130 (25.75) | 16075 (27.86) | 16055 (23.93) |  |
 Current drinker | 23273 (18.65) | 20600 (35.71) | 2673 (3.98) |  |
BMI, mean (SD) | 23.43 (3.62) | 22.94 (3.32) | 23.85 (3.81) | < 0.001 |
Physical activity (MET-h/day), mean (SD) | 13.39 (10.37) | 13.33 (11.90) | 13.44 (8.85) | 0.08 |
Weight change in the past year |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 Lost ≥2.5 kg | 13278 (10.64) | 5895 (10.22) | 7383 (11.00) |  |
 Change ±2.5 kg | 102698 (82.30) | 47887 (83.00) | 54811 (81.70) |  |
 Gained ≥2.5 kg | 8806 (7.06) | 3911 (6.78) | 4895 (7.30) |  |
Cardiometabolic diseasesc (Yes) | 76650 (61.43) | 34440 (59.70) | 42210 (62.92) | < 0.001 |
Respiratory diseasesc (Yes) | 9968 (7.99) | 5768 (10.00) | 4200 (6.26) | < 0.001 |
Musculoskeletal diseasesc (Yes) | 13469 (10.79) | 5355 (9.28) | 8114 (12.09) | < 0.001 |
Mental diseasesc (Yes) | 2822 (2.26) | 829 (1.44) | 1993 (2.97) | < 0.001 |
Digestives diseasesc (Yes) | 16201 (12.98) | 6799 (11.78) | 9402 (14.01) | < 0.001 |
Cancer (Yes) | 1078 (0.86) | 528 (0.92) | 550 (0.82) | < 0.001 |
Other diseasesc (Yes) | 13085 (2.55) | 550 (2.90) | 6993 (2.31) | 0.04 |